No abstract

A convenient approach to selectively prepare a wide range of functionalized propiolic acids was developed by AgI-catalyzed carboxylation of terminal alkynes using carbon dioxide as carboxylative agent under ligand-free conditions.

This article examines the changing housing rights regimes amidst the urban renewal currently underway in Shanghai and Mumbai. We examine the policies and regulations that govern residential security and housing tenure, the alteration of policy implementations by electoral and extra-electoral contestations, and the opportunities and strategies for housing activism in each context. We find that political contestations have enabled the construction of a more protective, although precarious, regime in Mumbai than in Shanghai. Despite striking differences, in both contexts housing rights regimes have produced fragmented urban citizenship rights by distributing protections unevenly and inconsistently to urban residents. Finally, although the forms of housing activism differ, residents and civil society groups in both Shanghai and Mumbai employ a variety of strategies in their resistance against demolitions and urban renewal. In the process, they become active urban citizens by articulating their rights to housing and by making new claims to the city.In his recent reflections on Lefebvre's classic essay, The Right to the City, David Harvey (2003a, p. 939) asserts that "the right to the city is not merely a right of access to what already exists, but a right to change it after our heart's desire". In this article, we contend that both sets of rights-the right of access and the right to change the city-are socially and politically structured, situated in particular legal institutions, political actions, and culturally mediated contexts. To illustrate this claim, we highlight the urban renewal efforts currently underway in Shanghai and Mumbai, comparing institutional reforms and political machinations in the cities, and reflecting upon the changing right to each city. Employing a comparative approach, our analysis reveals the particular manner in which the right to the city is socially and politically structured. In so doing, we adopt Harvey's two-part characterization, analyzing the changing regimes of access, specifically around housing rights, and the opportunities to resist those regimes and to employ measures to shape them.With a combined urban population of almost 975 million people, cities in China and India house roughly one-seventh of the world's total population. This demographically relevant detail becomes even more socially significant when we consider the tremendous * Correspondence should be addressed to Xuefei Ren,

The chiral iminopyridine oxazoline (IPO) ligands were designed, synthesized and utilized for the first cobalt-catalyzed highly regio-and enantioselective anti-Markovnikov hydroboration of 1,1-disubstituted aryl alkenes. This novel IPO ligands will likely be of high value for asymmetric transformations with first-row transition metals.