BackgroundNumerous studies validated frequent glucose dysfunction in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). However, the prevalence of new-onset diabetes in individuals after a first episode of AP varies widely among previous studies. This study aims to determine the incidence of post-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM-A) in Chinese people and further identify potential risk factors that influence diabetes development in patients with AP.MethodsThis was a multi-center retrospective cohort study including 6009 inpatients with a first attack of AP. A total of 1804 patients with AP without known endocrine pancreatic disorders or other pancreatic exocrine diseases were eligible for analysis. Data was collected from medical records by hospital information system and telephone follow-ups after discharge. The multiple logistic regression analysis was established to evaluate the potential influencing factors of PPDM-A.ResultsThe prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes after a first episode of AP in China was 6.2%. Data showed that patients who developed PPDM-A were more likely to be younger (X2 = 6.329, P = 0.012), experienced longer hospital stays (X2 = 6.949, P = 0.008) and had a higher frequency of overweight or obesity (X2 = 11.559, P = 0.003) compared to those with normal glycemia. The frequency of stress hyperglycemia on admission (X2 = 53.815, P < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (X2 = 33.594, P < 0.001) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (X2 = 36.335, P < 0.001) were significantly higher among individuals with PPDM-A compared with control group. Also, patients with PPDM-A were more likely to be hyperlipidemic AP (X2 = 16.304, P = 0.001) and show a higher degree of severity (X2 = 7.834, P = 0.020) and recurrence rate (X2 = 26.908, P < 0.001) of AP compared to those without diabetes. In addition, multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that stress hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, NAFLD and repeated attacks of AP were the independent influence factors for developing PPDM-A.ConclusionOur study first demonstrated the prevalence of secondary diabetes in Chinese patients after AP. The disorder of glucose metabolism in individuals with AP should be regularly evaluated in clinical practice. Further studies are needed to verify the relationship between liver and pancreas in keeping glucose homeostasis under AP condition.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a rapidly evolving technique for the treatment of esophageal diverticulum. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature focusing on POEM for symptomatic esophageal diverticula, including an in-depth evaluation of its efficacy, safety, and limitations. A comprehensive literature search was completed to identify articles that examined the efficacy and safety of POEM for esophageal diverticula. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I 2 statistic. Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity and assess potentially important covariates influencing the main outcomes. Primary endpoints such as rates of success, adverse events, and recurrences were evaluated. P values of ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Nine studies with a total of 153 patients were enrolled. Pooled technical success, clinical success, adverse events, and recurrence rates were 99% [95% confidence interval (CI), 97-100%; I 2 = 0%), 94% (95% CI, 89-97%; I 2 = 24%), 2% (95% CI, 0-6%, I 2 = 0%), and 0% (95% CI, 0-1%; I 2 = 0%), respectively. The pooled perforation rate was 6% (95% CI, 1-11%; I 2 = 0%). Meta-regression analysis indicated that esophageal diverticula types and motility disorders were not associated with the clinical success rate (P > 0.05). POEM is a feasible, safe, and effective treatment for symptomatic esophageal diverticula, with low adverse events and recurrence rates.

Background: Ononin, a flavonoid isolated from Astragalus membranaceus root, is the active ingredient of A. membranaceus and has potential anti‐inflammatory properties, but its effect on colitis is unclear. Aims: This study aimed to explore the anticolitis effect of Ononin by establishing a colitis model in mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were provided DSS, then treated with Ononin (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) or 5‐ASA (40 mg/kg). The colitis symptoms were observed, the disease activity index (DAI) score were recorded daily, and colonic inflammation was evaluted by histopathological scoring. The expression of cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and mitophagy/NLRP3 inflammasome‐related proteins were measured. Results: Ononin significantly alleviated weight loss and colon shortening in mice with colitis ( p < .01). Moreover, Ononin decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines and mediators associated with colitis ( p < .05). In addition, Ononin inhibited macrophages infiltration and reduced caspase‐1 activation in colitis mice. Caspase‐1 activation is closely related to the NLRP3 inflammasome. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Ononin on NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro. The relevant results confirmed that Ononin inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inhibited mitochondrial damage ( p < .05). Further studies revealed that Ononin inhibited mitochondrial damage through triggering mitophagy ( p < .05). Conclusion: Ononin alleviates DSS‐induced colitis by activating mitophagy to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome.

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Abstract. Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the quality of teaching system to promote and deepen the development of China's college football teaching syllabus has also been a corresponding reform, college sports teaching football curriculum is also constantly reform and development. At present, the college football teaching has gradually changed from the traditional teaching method to the diversified teaching method. In the teaching of football technology, it has also come out from the single teaching mode, and has gradually paid attention to the cultivation of the students' comprehensive quality. The overall development shows a good development trend. In addition, because of our long-term football teaching by traditional teaching methods, so to a certain extent, some college football teaching reform is still in place step by step. In this paper, the article analyzes the present situation of football teaching reform in our country under the current situation, and puts forward the effective reform measures. It is hoped that the reform of football teaching can be quick and smooth.