No abstract

Over the past several decades, organic conjugated materials as semiconductors in organic field effect transistors (OFETs) have attracted more and more attention from the scientific community due to their intriguing properties of mechanical flexibility and solution processability. However, the device fabrication technique, design, and synthesis of novel organic semiconductor materials with high charge carrier mobility is crucial for the development of high-performance OFETs. In the past few years, more and more novel materials were designed and tested in the OFETs. Among which, diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and its derivatives, as the electron acceptors to build donor-acceptor (D-A) typed materials, are the perspective. In this article, recently reported molecules regarding the DPP and its derivatives for OFETs application are reviewed. In addition, the relationship between the chemical structures and the performance of the device are discussed. Furthermore, an outlook of DPP-based materials in OFETs with a future design concept and the development trend are provided.

BackgroundMechanical ventilation is an important part of advanced life support in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study aimed to investigate the effects of ABCDE bundle on hemodynamics in patients on mechanical ventilation (MV).Material/MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional overall controlled approach in which 143 patients on mechanical ventilation were divided into 2 groups. In the pre-ABCDE bundle group (n=70), conventional sedation and analgesia strategy were used. In the post-ABCDE bundle group (n=73), ABCDE bundle was used. Changes in hemodynamics parameters and related prognostic indicators were monitored at various time points before (T0) and at 1 d (T1), 3 d (T3), 5 d (T5), and 7 d (T7) after implementation of the 2 strategies.ResultsMean arterial blood pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), heart rate (HR), and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) in the bundle group were improved more significantly than those in the pre-ABCDE bundle group (P<0.05). For comparison between various monitoring time points in the same group, compared with before intervention, MAP, CVP, HR, and PaO2/FiO2 changed significantly in the bundle group at 3 d, 5 d, and 7 d after intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with before intervention, differences in all hemodynamics indicators were statistically significant in the pre-ABCDE bundle group at 5 d and 7 d after intervention (P<0.05). Compared with the pre-ABCDE bundle group, differences in prognostic indicators in the post-ABCDE bundle were statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionsABCDE bundle is safe and effective for patients on mechanical ventilation, and can improve hemodynamics and enhance oxygenation index. ABCDE bundle might be helpful in reducing 28-d mortality and improving prognosis.

Highly siliceous HZSM-5 zeolite supported nickel catalysts prepared by a deposition-precipitation (D-P) method were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), hydrogen temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2-absorption/desorption, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and (27)Al magic-angle nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) techniques. The results showed that the D-P of nickel species occurred predominantly on the internal surface of highly siliceous HZSM-5 zeolite, in which the internal silanol groups located on the hydroxylated mesopores or nanocavities played a key role. During the D-P process, nickel hydroxide was first deposited-precipitated via olation/polymerization of neutral hydroxoaqua nickel species over the HZSM-5 zeolite. With the progress of the D-P process, 1 : 1 nickel phyllosilicate was formed over the HZSM-5 via the hetero-condensation/polymerization between charged hydroxoaqua nickel species and monomer silicic species generated due to the partial dissolution of the HZSM-5 framework. The 1 : 1 nickel phyllosilicate could also be generated via the hydrolytic adsorption of hydroxoaqua nickel species and their subsequent olation condensation. After calcination, the deposited-precipitated nickel hydroxide was decomposed into nickel oxide, while the 1 : 1 nickel phyllosilicate was transformed into 2 : 1 nickel phyllosilicate. According to the above mechanism, Ni(ii) species were present both in the form of nickel oxide and 2 : 1 nickel phyllosilicate, which were mutually separated from each other, being highly dispersed over HZSM-5 zeolite.

Converting CO 2 into methanol, utilizing a reproducible hydrogen energy source, is one of the most prospective ways in solving the greenhouse effect and energy shortage. The main challenge is to develop highly efficient catalysts capable of achieving high catalytic activity and stability. Herein, we prepare bimetallic catalysts that can effectively catalytic methanol formation from CO 2 hydrogenation with better performance compared to monometallic catalysts, which gives a selectivity close to 90% to methanol. The phase of Cu-In intermetallic catalysts changes significantly with the Cu:In molar ratio, but only two Cu 11 In 9 and Cu 7 In 3 intermetallic compounds emerge. The Cu-In intermetallic compounds and oxygen vacancies existed on In 2 O 3 surface are the two active sites with different roles, and their synergistic catalysis results in the adsorption, activation, and further conversion of CO 2 and H 2 . When the Cu:In molar ratio equals 1:2, a Cu 11 In 9 -In 2 O 3 intermetallic catalyst is obtained by CuO-In 2 O 3 reduction. Moreover, this catalyst possesses the highest Cu specific surface area (the highest Cu dispersion), the highest surface oxygen vacancy concentration (the highest CO 2 adsorption capacity), and the optimal synergistic effect between Cu-In intermetallic compound and In 2 O 3 . It, therefore, displays the maximum catalytic performance. 10.3% CO 2 conversion, 86.2% CH 3 OH selectivity, and 5.95 mmol CH 3 OH /h/g CH 3 OH space-time yield are obtained at 260 C, 3.0 MPa, and 7500 mL/g cat /h. CuIn(1:2) owns a good potential as a catalyst for CH 3 OH synthesis. Novelty Statement1. Controlled synthesis and catalytic properties of Cu-In intermetallic catalysts.2. Cu-In intermetallic compounds and In 2 O 3 are the two different active sites.3. The optimal synergistic effect between Cu 11 In 9 and In 2 O 3 exists in Cu:In (1:2), and Cu:In(1:2) owns an extremely large potential as a catalyst for CH 3 OH formation from CO 2 hydrogenation.