Two colorimetric and fluorescent probes based on ferrocene derivatives have been designed and synthesized. Among studied anions (F−, AcO−, H2PO4−, Cl−, Br− and I−), probe 1 with p‐nitrophenyl hydrazine structure has the strongest binding ability for F−, as well as probe 2 for H2PO4−. It had strong binding ability and was not affected by other anions. The determination limit of 1 toward F− was 5.0×10−6 mol⋅L−1 which can be used for the trace detection of F−. The interacted process of host–guest accompanied by colorimetric changes and increment in fluorescent intensity of the probes. A 1H‐NMR titration experiment and theoretical investigation indicated that −NH in hydrazine participated in the interaction, and the hydrogen‐bonding formed between the probes and anions. These results provided an essential clue to the developing the colorimetric probe based on hydrazine participation.

No abstract

No abstract

A novel free‐halogen flame retardant (trimethylolphosphine carbamate, THPON) was synthesized through the simple reaction between tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride and urea. Small molecule THPON could infiltrated the cotton fibers and grafted on cotton cellulose by amide bond. What is more, THPON did not change the inherent crystal structure of cotton because it infiltrated into the amorphous region of cotton. THPON‐treated cotton was easily decomposed into phosphoric acid or polyphosphate at lower temperature and exhibited good flame retardancy due to the N/P synergistic effect. Compared to control, the heat release rate of THPON‐treated cotton increased slower, indicating that a protective carbon layer formed and acted as a barrier. In addition, THPON displayed the low cytotoxicity and biosafety. The development and properties of THPON could provide an important data for the further application in the industry.