Research ArticlePhytoremediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil by Two Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) Genotypes Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) can be used not just for bioethanol production, bur potentially also for soil phytoremediation via removal of heavy metal pollutants. An experiment was carried out to characterize the phytoextraction efficiency of two Jerusalem artichoke genotype (NY2 and NY5) in cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. After 90 days of growth, NY5 had greater plant biomass and greater Cd accumulation in tissues than NY2. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were slightly higher when plants were grown in Cd-contaminated versus control soil. It implies that this examined NY2 and NY5 can extract more Cd than some hyperaccumulators, indicating that NY2 and NY5 can be applied to clean up Cd-contaminated soils. Compared with NY2, NY5 had higher phytoextraction potential due to more biomass and higher concentrations of Cd in tissues, and may therefore be the better candidates for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated soil.

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Most expressways in China are tolled, making expressway transportation expensive for enterprises. Traditional location theory focuses only on transportation distances and transit costs, making it difficult to explain how expressways influence location decisions of enterprises. This research starts from the perspective of expressway travel times to explain how tolled expressways affect the location choices of new manufacturing enterprises. A geographic information system digital map of expressways for the years 2000–2013 was developed. The origin–destination matrix module was used to calculate the expressway travel times of 293 cities. Count data regression models, including probit, Poisson, zero-inflated Poisson, and negative binomial regression, were applied to empirically study the influence of expressway construction on the location selections of new manufacturing enterprises. The results show that reduced expressway travel time significantly attracts new enterprises and positively affects the location selections of manufacturing enterprises in China. Further, this finding reveals significant heterogeneity across different manufacturing industries.

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