In this article, we propose an integrated model for simulating the interaction between crowds and fluid particles. Our focus is on simulating evacuation motion for crowds in the face of sudden floods. Our model treats both the crowd and the water as fluid particles, which allows us to incorporate various forces such as pressure, shear, buoyancy, and active forces to drive the agents. Additionally, we have designed a minimum rotational path‐planning algorithm for agents to search for safe destinations during evacuations. To develop practical crowd evacuation strategies, we observed and studied survival techniques from whirlpools and sudden changes in water levels during floods. Our simulated evacuation results provide plausible strategies for crowds to survive dangerous floods.

In this paper, we propose an integrated model for simulating the interaction between crowds and fluid particles. Our focus is on simulating evacuation motion for crowds in the face of sudden floods. Our model treats both the crowd and the water as fluid particles, which allows us to incorporate various forces such as pressure, shear, buoyancy, and active forces to drive the agents. Additionally, we have designed a minimum rotational path-planning algorithm for agents to search for safe destinations during evacuations. To develop practical crowd evacuation strategies, we observed and studied survival techniques from whirlpools and sudden changes in water levels during floods. Our simulated evacuation results provide plausible strategies for crowds to survive dangerous floods.