The socio-economic development of the country and any region is influenced by many factors, among which the most important role belongs to the demographic, in a generalized form representing the demographic situation. The demographic situation is usually understood as the demographic situation, the state of demographic processes, the composition and placement of the population at a certain time in a country or a particular region. Thus, the analysis of the demographic situation is necessary for understanding the main parameters of the population, trends in their dynamics, forecasting the number, demographic structure, demographic behavior of the population. Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of official statistical data on demographic processes (statics and population dynamics) in the Moscow region (MO) for 2000-2015. Materials and methods: at the first stage, the collection and analysis of information and statistical sources were carried out, requests were sent to the Federal and territorial state statistics services of the Russian Federation (Rosstat, Mosobstat, MIAC MO). At the second stage, the data on demographic processes in the Moscow region were copied from the responses of Rosstat, Mosobstat, MIAC MO and from the websites of relevant organizations. Statistical analysis included calculation of simple arithmetic mean, percentage values, economic and demographic burden on the working population, demographic factors and the efficiency of population growth. Results and conclusions. The population of the Moscow region at the beginning of the XXI century continues to increase, but mainly due to migrants arriving from neighboring regions of the country and abroad. Males constitute 46.2% of the population and females 53.8% (2015). Boys are born more than girls by 6% and this advantage is maintained until the age of 30. And starting from the age of 35, the number of women begins to prevail over the number of men by 3.5%. This trend continues to 75 years and older. Age groups of the region's population are formed according to the regressive type: children - 15.9%; working-age population - 59.8%, and persons older than working age - 24.3% (2015). The economic and demographic burden of children and the elderly on the working population is more than 40%. The birth rate in the region increased by 76.7% from 2000 to 2015 and was higher than in 1990. Analysis of the total fertility rate indicates that in the Moscow region remains mononuclear family type (1-2-child family), ie there is no expanded reproduction of the population. In children, and especially in working age, the mortality rate is higher in men than in women. In men, the mortality rate reaches 41% of the total mortality at the working age. The number of women who died in working age is 4 times less than men. The natural increase in the population of the Moscow region for 15 years of the XXI century has a small but negative value, since the population is decreasing, and the increase in the population is mainly due to high migration.

Aim. Comparative analysis of the official statistical data on the demographic processes in the Moscow region and Domodedovo town for 2000-2018. Materials and Methods. Acquisition and analysis of the demographic processes in the Moscow region and Domodedovo town was performed on the basis of the data of Federal Service of State Statistics, Medical Information Analytical Center of Moscow region and sites of respective organizations. Statistical processing of the data included calculation of the arithmetic mean, per-centage of the values, economico-demographic burden on the population of the working age, demographic coefficients and the extent of economical efficiency of the population growth. Results. The population of the Moscow region increased by 13.2% from 2000 to 2018, and that of Domodedovo by 123.9%. The rapid growth of the population of Domodedovo is directly re-lated to migration. The population in the Moscow region in 2018 included 53.7% of women and 46.3% of men, and in Domodedovo – 53.4% of women and 46.6% of men (for 2018). The age and gender structure of the population of the Moscow region changed in 2000-2018 due to a de-crease in the proportion of children (0-14 years), an increase in the proportion of the working-age individuals (15-59 years) and in the proportion of individuals above the working-age (60+ years). In Domodedovo a reverse trend was noted in the same period of time. The age groups of the population of the region and of Domodedovo are formed according to a regressive type, but there is a positive dynamics for Domodedovo. The economic and demographic burden of disa-bled contingents on the able-bodied population in Domodedovo increased by 17.3% during the study period. A similar trend was noted in the region. The birth rate in Domodedovo increased by 31.1% in the study period and, as compared to 1990, by 18%. In the Moscow region, a similar trend was observed, but with lower coefficient levels. The total birth rate in the Moscow region and in Domodedovo has a steady growing tendency, but, however, remains below the value «2». The mortality rate of the population of the Moscow region for the studied period decreased by 29.5%, but is 0.8% higher than in 1990. In Domodedovo in the period from 2000 to 2018, the overall mortality rate decreased by 31.7%, and, compared to 1990, by 2.6%. The infant mortality rate in the Moscow region decreased 3.2 times during the study period, and 3.7 times compared to 1990, and in Domodedovo it decreased 3.5 times for the same period of time, and, compared to 1990, 8.4 times. The mortality rate of the working-age population of Domodedovo during the study period decreased by 31.6% in absolute values. The percentage of deaths of working-age individuals from all deaths decreased from 37.1 to 28.5%. The average life expectancy in Do-modedovo at the beginning of XXI century increased by 6.27 years for both genders, in men it increased by 7.58 years, and in women by 4.52 years. A similar tendency was observed in the region. Conclusions. The medico-demographic situation established by the beginning of XXI, with the existing mortality level of working-age individuals especially of men, may rather rapidly lead to deficit of the work force which, in turn, will prevent creation of a stable resource base and fur-ther economic development of the country. Attraction of migrants will probably permit to solve the problem of deficit of the labor force, but will simultaneously create additional challenges for the government and society.

BACKGROUND: Human resources are the most important wealth of the country, which directly determines the welfare of the country, and the main production force is the working population. In addition, the working-age population mostly consists of men and women of fertile age, i.e. capable of reproduction of the population. Therefore, the study of the state of health and socio-hygienic factors that influence it in the working population is the most important task of the government. AIM: To identify and study social and hygienic factors that influence the health of the working-age urban population of the Moscow region at the beginning of XXI century. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have developed a questionnaire containing more than 100 questions with multiple answers, covering social, hygienic and medical issues. A sociological study was conducted among men and women of the working age who turned to the city polyclinic of Domodedovo for medical care. The analysis of sociological data was carried out with the multivariate mathematical statistics methods used in the study of statistically related signs in order to identify a certain number of factors hidden from direct observation — factor analysis using Cattell test. RESULTS: Five socio-hygienic factors were identified (“social factor”, “health status factor”, “demographic factor”, “health care satisfaction factor”, “health care availability factor”), arranged by the load size and significance. They play a role in formation of health of the working-age urban population of the Moscow region and are closely related to each other. CONCLUSION: The obtained socio-hygienic factors have a considerable influence on health and permit to assess the risks affecting the health of the working-age urban population of the Moscow region and to precisely act on them by both municipal and regional administrative authorities, which in the future may also influence the demographic parameters. Social and hygienic factors are more correlated with the concept of “quality of life”, and this is actually a complex characteristic of the conditions of the life activity of the population, which is expressed in objective parameters and subjective assessments of the satisfaction of financial, social and cultural needs, taking into account the system of values and social standards.