No abstract

Maize, referred as Queen of cereals is the third most important cereal crop after rice and wheat in India. Maize serves as both human food as well as animal feed and for. Productivity of maize can be increased by proper nutrient management practices. Maize is a zinc responsive crop and found deficient in soils. Zinc as an essential micronutrient that has significant role in basic plant metabolic processes and enhances the growth, yield and quality of maize by stimulating chlorophyll production, photosynthetic activity, nutrient uptake and protein biosynthesis. The zinc application to maize crop either by seed treatment, soil application or by foliar spray by using inorganics have shown significant impact on growth, yield, nutrient uptake, quality and economics from investigations of eminent researchers with increasing trend in productivity. Application of zinc at 20-25 kg ha-1 to maize gave maximum grain yield (7500 kg ha-1) and benefit cost ratio ( 2.4 ) in maize.

Background: Sesame is an ancient oilseed crop of India popular for its drought resistance and stable healthy oil which is easy to extract. Information regarding the genetic association of plant traits with grain yield is of great importance to breeders in selecting suitable genotypes. Hence, the present study is based on simple measures of variability and genetic variance to identify suitable genotypes for further improvement. Methods: The experiment was carried out at Student’s Farm, Department of Agriculture, Loyola Academy, Secunderabad during Kharif 2021. Sixty genotypes of the Sesamum crop were studied for 13 quantitative and qualitative traits. Result: Analysis of variance revealed that the genotypes were significant (P 0.05 and P 0.01) for all of the traits studied. A positive significant correlation at the genotypic level was observed for the character 1000 seed weight (0.222) with grain yield. A positive correlation between desirable traits is encouraging to the plant breeder as it helps in the simultaneous improvement of both traits. Positive direct effects were highest for the character 1000 seed weight (0.866) followed by the number of capsules per axil (0.660) on grain yield. This study would help to select the genotypes that have a strong association among traits.

No abstract

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) was renowned in the ancient ages for the stability of its healthy oil, accessibility of extraction, and drought resilience. Consequently, to produce novel varieties, the present work entails the utilization of basic metrics of variability and genetic variation. The investigation included 60 sesame genotypes and 13 quantitative characteristics. The analysis of variance revealed that genotypes were significant for all of the parameters assessed (P>0.05 and P>0.01). The average seed yield per plant was 6.93g, ranging from 4.84 to 9.17g. In all of the traits studied, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was greater than the genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV). The tense relationship between PCV and GCV values indicated that the environment had minimal impact on the expression of the traits under investigation. The no. of branches, no. of capsules/axil, capsules per plant, no. of seeds per capsule, and oil content suggested higher estimations of PCV and GCV. The heritability varied from 75.13% for seed width to 99.03% for no. of capsules/axil. The genetic advance (GA) percent means varied from 7.71 (seed length) to 110.93 (no. of capsules/axil) at 5% selection intensity. plant height, no. of branches, 1000 seed weight, capsule length, capsules per plant, no. of seeds per capsule, seed thickness, oil content, and seed yield per plant all showed substantial heredity and a high GA% mean. Because of this, the traits of additive genetic control and direct selection in sesame have a high potential for increasing its yield.