Highlights Penile cancer is a rare tumor. The organ preservation perspective makes the treatment challenging. For early stage, conservative brachytherapy achieved excellent oncological outcome. Conservative brachytherapy reported encouraging functional results. HDR brachytherapy represents an attractive therapeutic option.

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Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common pathology in elderly patients, inducing lower urinary tract symptoms. The treatment of BPH is first a medical option, then a surgical treatment, either by endoscopy or open surgery. We here report a case of GreenLight HPS™ laser photovaporization (PV) with an impaired maintenance of median lobe postoperatively, unimportant on functional results.Case Presentation: A 68-year-old man presented with lower urinary tract symptoms in the last 2 years, treated first by medicine with good response. On digital rectal examination, the enlarged prostate was homogeneous and regular. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was 30/35, Incontinence Quality of Life (iQol) 6/6, and International Index of Erectile Function 5 14/25 with regular sexual activity. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) reported BPH of 62 g with a median lobe of 6 g protruding into the bladder. At uroflowmetry, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) was 8 mL/s for 90 cc void volume and 20 cc postvoid residual. After failure of medical treatment, we offered a surgical treatment option by laser therapy using the 180W XPS GreenLight™. At 1-month follow-up, functional outcomes were improved with a Qmax of 11 mL/s, postvoiding residual volume 0 cc, IPSS 12/35, and iQol 2/6. At 3-month follow-up, outcomes still improved, although the TRUS reported a prostate volume of 30 g with a persistent median lobe.Conclusion: Impaired maintenance of median lobe after GreenLight laser PV does not seem to affect functional results. This case report opens the way for a new therapeutic strategy for patients according to their prostate anatomy. A randomized clinical trial could be done about surgical treatment for patient BPH according to prostate volume and anatomy.

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