Previous conflicting results appear to be related to differences in statistical methods. When using appropriate models, we found that VS was significantly associated with reduced long-term mortality.

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Highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) was given early to 64 patients with symptomatic primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. At the time of analysis, patients had been followed up for 9-21 months. No patient had died or developed an AIDS-defining event. Survival analysis showed that by month 21 the proportion of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL was 72% (95% confidence interval, 58%-95%) in intention-to-treat analysis. After 18 months of treatment, 50% of the patients with undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA also had undetectable HIV-1 RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Only 1 of 3 patients had undetectable HIV-1 RNA in lymphoid tissue, while all patients had quantifiable HIV-1 DNA both in PBMC and lymphoid tissue. The median CD4 lymphocyte increase from baseline was 230 cells/microL. These preliminary results support the use of HAART in patients with primary HIV-1 infection.

Summary We describe two brothers with eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. Both had recurrent crops of papules and pustules, primarily affecting the scalp. The eruption began in the neonatal period. Both children had a leucocytosis with eosinophilia. Histology revealed folliculitis, with an infiltrate in which eosinophils were predominant. Bacteriological and fungal cultures of pustules were negative. There was a good clinical response to treatment with a topical corticosteroid and dapsone. We review the 28 previously reported cases of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis in infancy. The occurrence of this disorder in brothers suggests that an inherited or contagious factor may be involved in its aetiology.