ABSTRACT. DDX6 belongs to a family of DEAD-box RNA helicases, which are RNA splicing proteins that ensure the correct folding and structure of mature RNA. Gametogenesis requires the participation of many kinds of RNA. To explore its functions during Eriocheir sinensis gametogenesis, we cloned a full-length DDX6 cDNA sequence from E. sinensis (Es-DDX6) which contains a 1536-nucleotide open reading frame encoding a 512-amino acid protein. Multiple sequence alignments showed that Es-DDX6 has ten conservative DEAD-box family motifs. Tissue expression analysis of Es-DDX6 mRNA and protein levels showed that Es-DDX6 was highly expressed in both the ovary and testis. qRT-PCR analysis revealed the widespread expression of Es-DDX6 mRNA during various stages of gonad development peaking in October. In addition, immunohistochemical studies showed that oocytes and the spermatogonium and primary spermatocytes of testes contained high levels of cytoplasmic Es-DDX6 and decreased expression levels in spermatids. Interestingly, there was no expression of Es-DDX6 in these cells as they matured along the male reproductive system. Since oocytes and spermatocytes are active in meiosis and oocytes undergo 4421 DDX6 characterization and expression during gametogenesis ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (2): 4420-4437 (2015) rapid growth in October, these results provide preliminary evidence that Es-DDX6 plays a role in E. sinensis gametogenesis and oocyte growth processes.