In this paper, the new taxa Lepidium ferganense (Brassicaceae) was recorded for the flora of Iran for the first time. This taxon belongs to Irano-Turanian region. It was compared with the closest taxa in the present study. In addition, a morphological description, several Illustrations, and a distribution map were presented.

This study is focused on the genus Euphorbia L. in a part of northeast Iran, viz. the three Khorassan provinces. Since there are many taxa of Euphorbia in Iran which are used in different industries and have significant effects on human and non‐human life it is important to revise their taxonomy. With about 90 species, following Turkey with 91 species, Iran is the second richest country for Euphorbia in Asia. Of these, 30 species are distributed in the Khorassan provinces. This is the first comprehensive work on the genus in this region. According to ‘Flora Iranica’, there are 17 species of Euphorbia in northeast Iran, while according to our results, there are 30 species of Euphorbia in the Khorassan provinces alone. In addition to various new taxonomic and biogeographic results, a new species, viz. E. chamanbidensis, is described. Euphorbia chamanbidensis is closely related to E. aucheri, but seed micro‐morphological characters differentiate them. Two identification keys to the Euphorbia species of the studied area are provided, one based on macro‐morphological characters and another based on seed micro‐morphological characters. Phytogeographic analysis and distribution maps for all species are also presented.

Lonicera japonica is generally known as "Yass" or "Gole Yass" among Iranians, however, this vernacular name is not widely known in Persian botanical textbooks or encyclopedia. Moreover, specialists in plant science and horticulture recognize this plant as "Pich-e Aminoddoleh", which has been already dedicated to another species, Lonicera caprifolium While the terms "Yassaman" and "Yassamin" were such widely used in the classical Persian literature that many scholars believe that the genus Jasminum hasits name derived from the Persian 'Yassaman', the word "Yass", their shortened form, was not frequently used in the classical Persian literature and medicinal texts. Here, we reviewed ancient and new related pieces of literature and matched the correct terms of "Yass" and "Yassaman" with the correct scientific names on the basis of historical data and morphological characters, as well as the available identification keys. In this paper, Chrysojasminum is also added as a new genus for the flora of Iran.

In present research anatomical studies carried out 11 species which growing in Khorassan Province (North-East of Iran). These species were divided to two groups, annual and perennial species. For comparative anatomy studying, cross sections from stem and leaf were prepared using microtome and differential staining. The characters of secondary xylem and axial parenchyma, arrangement of vessel and the arrangement of mesophyll were studied. The results showed the variation of internal structure didn't have correspondence to taxonomy position.

Following study of specimens belonging to Astragalus L. sect. Ammodendron Bunge collected from northeastern Iran, two new species and a new record for Iran are described and reported. Astragalus ayatollahii Nasseh, Joharchi & F. Ghahrem. differs from A. biarjmandicus Podlech & Zarre and A. inchebroonensis Maassoumi in having longer racemes with more flowers, only white trichomes on the calyx, and one pair of leaflets in the lower leaves and two pairs in the upper leaves. Astragalus gonabadensis Nasseh, Joharchi & F. Ghahrem. differs from A. baharensis F. Ghahrem. and A. macrobotrys Bunge in characters of the calyx and legume trichomes. Descriptions, distribution maps, and comparative tables of morphological characteristics for these taxa are presented. In addition, the first record of A. excedens Popov & Kult. in the flora of Iran is reported.