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High variation in pod yield of groundnut was observed in winter planted irrigated peanut, depending on the time of planting. A field experiment was conducted with different dates of planting starting from beginning of the winter until end of the winter at 15 d intervals. Crop developmental stages were divided into three stages: vegetative, reproductive, and maturity. Weather parameters like maximum temperature, morning and evening relative humidity, sunshine hours, and evaporation were recorded from the observatory adjacent to the experimental field. Simple correlations and step down regression analyses were carried out between weather parameters in development phase and fruit attributes, pod yield, and harvest index. The results revealed that fruit attributes like hundred kernel weight, shelling percentage, and harvest index were significantly and negatively correlated with minimum temperature which prevailed over pod filling phase, accounting for 83.0, 94.8, and 82.8% variations respectively (R 2 5 0.830, 0.948, and 0.828), while haulm yield was significantly and positively correlated with minimum temperature which prevailed during pod filling phase, accounting for 82.1% variation in haulm yield (R 2 5 0.821). Pod growth rate and pod yield were significantly and positively correlated with diurnal variation in temperature, accounting for 63.5 and 69.0% variations respectively (R 2 5 0.635 and 0.690). The relationship between weather parameters, fruit attributes, and pod yield was established through a set of regression equations.

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume in the world. Development of reliable tissue culture protocols is very important for genetic transformation studies. Direct shoot bud differentiation and multiple shoot induction from embryonal axes explants of chickpea varieties with combination of growth regulators in NBeG-3 and NBeG-72 was tried at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal in 2015-16. Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with different concentrations of Benzyl amino purine (BAP), Napthalene acetic acid (NAA), Kinetin and Indole acetic acid (IAA). The frequency of shoot bud regeneration was influenced by the preconditioning of explants with 6mg/l BAP and 0.5mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) for 10 days resulted in enhanced frequency of multiple shoots. Among the various concentrations tested, 4.0 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l Napthalene acetic acid (NAA) were found to be the best for maximum shoot bud differentiation. Elongation of multiple shoots were obtained in MS medium with the concentration 0.5 mg/l gibberillic acid (GA3). Among the tested varieties there was a variation in regeneration ability with fastest shoot bud initiation (18.5 days), and highest number of shoots per explant (5.3) and highest shoot length (3.5 cm) in NBeG 3.

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The present investigation is carried out to study the correlation and path analysis in twenty five medium duration (120-125 days) varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Character association of the yield attributing traits reveled significant positive association of grain yield per hectare with plant height, 1000 seed weight and panicle length. Hence selection in these traits can improve yield. In the present study high genetic coefficient of variation coupled with high heritability and high genetic advance was observed for number of seed/ panicle, hence there is scope for improvement of the trait through simple selection. Path coefficient analysis revealed that 1000 seed weight recorded maximum positive direct effect on yield followed by panicle length. Among these characters, 1000 seed weight and panicle length possessed both positive association and high direct effects. Hence selection for these characters could bring improvement in yield and yield components.