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The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,324 new measurements from 878 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on High Energy Soft QCD and Diffraction and one on the Determination of CKM Angles from B Hadrons. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 98 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 22 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print and as a web version optimized for use on phones as well as an Android app.

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app.

No abstract

We compute the purely gluonic contribution to the static QCD potential at three-loop order. This completes the computation of the static potential at this order. PACS numbers: 12.38.Aw,12.38.Bx,14.40.Pq For more than 30 years, the static QCD potential V QCD (r) has been studied extensively for the purpose of elucidating the nature of the interaction between heavy quark and antiquark. Generally, V QCD (r) at short-distances can be computed accurately by perturbative QCD. On the other hand, the potential shape at long-distances should be determined by non-perturbative methods, such as lattice simulations or phenomenological potential-model analyses or computations based on string-inspired models.Computations of V QCD (r) in perturbative QCD has a long history. At tree-level, V QCD (r) is merely a Coulomb potential, −C F α S /r (C F = 4/3 is a color factor), arising from one-gluon-exchange diagram. The 1-loop corrections (with massless and/or massive internal quarks) were computed in [1,2]. The 2-loop correction (with massless internal quarks) was computed in [3]. The 2loop correction due to massive internal quarks was computed in [4] (partly corrected in [5]).[28] The logarithmic correction at 3-loop originating from the ultrasoft scale was first pointed out in [1] and computed in [7]. Renormalization-group (RG) improvement of V QCD (r) at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order was performed in [8]. A logarithmic contribution at O(α 5 S ) was computed in [9]. The contributions of the massless quark loops to the 3-loop correction were computed in [10]. The only remaining correction at 3-loop order is the purely gluonic contribution, which we compute in this paper.For a long time, the perturbative QCD predictions of V QCD (r) were not successful in the intermediate distance region, relevant to the bottomonium and charmonium states. In fact, the perturbative series turned out to be poorly convergent at r > ∼ 0.1 fm; uncertainty of the series is so large that one could hardly obtain meaningful prediction in this distance region. Even if one tries to improve the perturbation series by certain resummation prescriptions (such as RG improvement), scheme dependence of the results turns out to be very large; hence, one can neither obtain accurate prediction of the potential in this region. It was later pointed out that the large uncertainty of the perturbative prediction can be understood as caused by the O(Λ QCD ) infrared (IR) renormalon contained in V QCD (r) [11].The situation has changed dramatically since the dis-covery of the cancellation of O(Λ QCD ) renormalons in the total energy of a static quark-antiquark pair E tot (r) ≡ V QCD (r) + 2m pole [12]. Convergence of the perturbative series for E tot (r) improved drastically and much more accurate perturbative predictions for the potential shape became available. It was understood that a large uncertainty originating from the O(Λ QCD ) renormalon in V QCD (r) can be absorbed into twice of the quark pole mass 2m pole . Once this is achieved, perturbative uncertai...