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Purpose The Bangerter filter (BF) has become an alternate form of amblyopia patching treatment due to its high social‐psychological compliance and effective therapeutic outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effects of different BF densities on the normal visual system in order to quantify filter densities based on vision perception variables. Methods Thirty‐two binocularly normal subjects participated in this study. Visual acuity (VA), vernier acuity (VNA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) under spatial frequencies (SF) of 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 cyl/deg were measured while the dominant eye was patched with randomly selected BF of densities: 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2. Results Mean VA and VNA values under the four BF densities were a) 0.29, 0.30, 0.35, 0.54 logMAR and b) 3.24, 4.81, 5.29, 8.19 min of arc respectively. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in VA change between BF 0.2 and rest of the density groups. BF 0.8 and 0.2 groups showed a significant VNA change compared to BF 0.6 and 0.4 (p<0.05). There were no significant effects noted in CS at SF of 0.5, 1 and 2 cyl/deg across low to high BF groups (p>0.05). BF 0.2 was the only density that had a significant influence on middle and high SF (5 and 10 cyl/deg) (p<0.05). Conclusion BF does not alter vision perception abilities in a predictable manner suggested by the manufacturer. Only the high BF density has shown a significant change. Careful attention must be paid on the inconsistencies in low and middle BF densities for the patching treatment.

In this project, the effect of different kinds of the knitted fabric structure in relation to the ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection was studied. Different single jersey knitting structures were investigated such as plain, pineapple, lacoste and other combinations of different knitting stitches of knit, tuck and miss. The results showed that different knitted structure would provide different UVR protection behaviour.