Physical exercise may stimulate lipolytic activity within adipose tissue. Furthermore, resistance exercise may contribute to the more efficient reduction in adipose tissue mass and prevent the accumulation thereof in obese women. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of regular resistance exercise for 12 weeks on the lipolysis pathway in women with obesity. Twenty-three pre- and postmenopausal women with body fat percentages of 30% or more were divided into the premenopausal group (n = 9) and the postmenopausal group (n = 14). All subjects participated in resistance exercise training for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and physical fitness tests were performed on all participants. Protein analyses were performed on extracted subcutaneous fatty tissue, and changes in the relevant protein levels in the samples were analyzed by Western blotting. All serum samples were submitted for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements of adipocyte factors. After 12 weeks, the adipose triglyceride lipase, monoacylglycerol lipase, and perilipin1 protein levels were significantly lower in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group. The hormone-sensitive lipase protein levels were significantly higher in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group. In addition, leptin concentrations were significantly decreased after resistance exercise in the postmenopausal group. Adiponectin concentrations were significantly increased after resistance exercise in both groups. These findings indicate that regular resistance exercise is effective in reducing the weight and body fat of obese premenopausal women, and in the secretion of adiponectin. On the other hand, postmenopausal women were found to have redeced weight and body fat, and were found to be positive for the secretion of adipokine factors. In addition, positive changes in lipolysis pathway factors in adipose tissue promote lipid degradation and reduce fat mass. Thus, regular resistance exercise shows positive changes in the lipolysis pathway more effectively in weight and body fat reduction in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women.

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referred to as forgotten baby syndrome (FBS). Other causes include children being knowingly left in vehicles and children getting into unattended vehicles on their own. The current rates of childhood deaths from PVH in Canada are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To review the rate of childhood deaths in Canada from PVH over the past 15 years and to provide pediatricians with anticipatory guidance strategies to help prevent deaths due to PVH. DESIGN/METHODS: Incidence data of PVH deaths in Canada were obtained from coroner's offices and from news reports found on Factiva and ProQuest databases. A scoping review was conducted using key search terms related to PVH and FBS. RESULTS: In Canada, there have been numerous reports of children being left unattended in vehicles. There have been 4 confirmed deaths due to PVH in the last 15 years. Three of the four cases were attributed to FBS. There was one reported case due to a child climbing into an unlocked, unattended vehicle. CONCLUSION: Reports of children being left unattended either knowingly or unintentionally in vehicles in Canada are not uncommon. Stress, distractions and changes in routine can contribute to a shift in attention and FBS. To help caregivers prevent incidents of PVH in Canada, we suggest the following anticipatory guidance by physicians to all parents: 1) Caregivers should be advised to never leave a child unattended in a motor vehicle; 2) Caregivers should place essential items such as wallets and cellphones near their child in the back seat to serve as a reminder when exiting the vehicle; 3) Caregivers can place a reminder (i.e. a toy or diaper bag) in the front seat when an infant or child has been placed in the back seat; 3) Caregivers should make a habit of always checking the back seat before leaving the car; 4) Caregivers should request that childcare providers contact them in the event that the child does not arrive as anticipated; 5) Parked vehicles should be kept locked at all times and keys out of reach of children; 6) If a child is missing, check the car.