There is a persistent number of patients commencing chronic haemodialysis with tunneled cuffed catheter. Usually, the right internal jugular vein (IJV) is the preferred initial location of consideration for percutaneous insertion. In special situation, catheterization of the left IJV is also a second best in patients with history of multiple access failures. In this report, we present two rare cases of malposition occurring after left IJV catheterization, while following catheter adjustments provide good outcomes with the help of chest radiographs. To our knowledge, the cases exemplify uncommon complications during the left IJV catheterization with few reports in the published literature.

Review question / Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) on reproductive outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. Condition being studied: PCOS is a common endocrine disorder that can cause infertility in women of childbearing age. The PPOS protocol, which involves oral progestins with gonadotropin (Gn), has been shown to be effective and safe in treating patients with PCOS. However, the question of whether PPOS provides a significant benefit over conventional GnRH analogue protocols in PCOS patients is still controversial.