Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of ventricular septal rupture (VSR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods: A total of 2090 cases of acute myocardial infarction and 63 cases of acute myocardial infarction combined with ventricular septal perforation were collected from Fuwai Huazhong Cardiovascular Hospital from September 2017 to January 2021. 189 cases of type 1 acute myocardial infarction were randomly selected according to the ratio of 1:3 as a control group, the patients collected and analyzed clinical data, the risk factors of AMI and VSR.Results: Compared with the control group, the age, female, serum creatinine, serum potassium, serum magnesium, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), LDH1, hemoglobin, total protein, and albumin were higher in the ventricular septal rupture group , Serum chloride ion, and low blood pressure at admission, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01 or 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that glycosylated hemoglobin (OR=1.66, 95%CI 1.04-2.95, p=0.03) was related to the mortality of ventricular septal rupture after myocardial infarction; age> 60 years, gender, diseased blood vessels, albumin<35g/L, SBP<90mmHg, LVEF<40%, LVESD is related to ventricular septal rupture after acute myocardial infarction (all p<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusion: elderly, female, left anterior descending artery disease, hypotension, low protein Patients with acute myocardial infarction with hyperemia, hypochloremia, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction are prone to ventricular septal rupture.