Monitoring minimal residue disease (Mrd) is an effective approach to evaluate the response to chemotherapy, and it is used to select the ideal therapeutic strategy and to predict the recurrence during therapy for hematological disorders. The Wilm's tumor 1 (WT1) gene, which is highly expressed in >80% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (aMl) and its increased expression level may cause poor clinical outcomes, is a potential Mrd marker of hematological neoplasms. in the present study, the expression levels of WT1 and other molecular markers were retrospectively analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative Pcr in 195 patients with AML. The expression level of WT1 was significantly lower in patients with remission compared with patients with early-stage and recurrent AML. Moreover, WT1 expression was significantly decreased in patients with runX family transcription factor 1-runX1 translocation partner 1 fusion, but higher in patients with promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor α fusion. WT1 expression was significantly reduced during remission. in patients with aMl who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HScT), the mortality rate 2 years after allo-HSCT was significantly lower in patients with low expression level of WT1 compared with subjects presenting high expression level of WT1. collectively, the upregulation of the expression level of WT1 in combination with the identification of other genetic abnormalities may be used as Mrd markers of hematological neoplasms.

Objective: Lymphoma cell leukemia (LCL) is regarded as patients presenting a high extensive lymphoma cell ratio in bone marrow (BM), which is recognized as lymphoma of stage IV by invading into BM. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment options, survival profiles, and prognostic factors in patients with LCL. Methods: Clinical data of 42 patients with LCL were retrospectively reviewed, and baseline characteristics and treatment records were extracted. In addition, overall survival (OS) was calculated, and the causes of death were analyzed. Results: Out of the 42 patients with LCL, 9 (21.4%) had primary BMLCL, 20 (47.6%) had Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) complicated with LCL, and 13 (31.0%) had NHL evolving into LCL. Common clinical characteristics included B syndromes (n = 21, 50.0%), abnormal white blood count (n = 28, 66.5%), decreased hemoglobin (n = 28, 66.7%), and platelet (n = 30, 71.4%). Additionally, elevated Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) with a score greater than one occurred in 26 patients (61.9%), and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) occurred in 25 patients (59.5%). For treatments, chemotherapy was the most common therapy (n = 35, 83.2%), followed by symptomatic treatment and radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. Additionally, the mean OS of the patients was 16.9 (95% CI: 12.8–20.9) months, among which primary patients with BMLCL showed shorter OS than those with NHL complicated with LCL and NHL evolving into patients with LCL. A total of 9 (21.4%) patients with LCL died during follow-up, among which the central nervous system (CNS) invasion was the most common cause of death. Furthermore, primary BMLCL, higher ECOG, and higher LDH were potential predictive factors for worse OS in patients with LCL. Conclusion: This study gives an overview of the treatment and prognosis of LCL, which provides additional information for the management of LCL.

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