Zinc plays a key role in plants growth and application of Zinc can, therefore, contribute to crop yield improvement. Nowadays, nanoparticles have received high attention because to their novel properties. The current work is done with an aim to investigate the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and effect on fungus Rhizoctonia solani and on carrot crop. Use of nanoparticles as a nano-fertilizer requires an understanding of nanoparticles impact on crop plants We have used seed coat of almond for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) characterized by EDS, FTIR, SEM and TEM. Spray with 50ppm and 100 ppm caused significant increase in plant growth parameter of carrot plants. It has been reported that the synthesized ZnO NPs demonstrated an inhibitory activity against plant pathogenic fungi R. solani. Antifungal efficiency of ZnONPs was further explained with help of Molecular docking analysis. Confirmation of the least binding energy was used to predict binding site of receptor with NPs to know mechanistic approach. ZnONPs are likely to interact with the pathogens by mechanical enfolding which may be one of the major toxicity actions against R. solani by ZnONPs.

Introduction: Ingestion of foreign bodies is common and the esophagus is the most common site of impaction in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Case Series: We report two cases of impacted metallic foreign bodies in upper esophagus. The presentating symptoms were throat pain and dysphagia. Rigid and flexible esophagoscopy failed to retrieve the foreign body in both cases hence lateral cervical esophagostomy was performed for foreign body removal. Conclusion: Ingestion of foreign bodies is common. Some metallic foreign bodies frequently get impacted in the esophagus because of their large size, rigidity and pointed edges and are difficult to remove by endoscopy. Therefore, surgery is required for retrieval of such impacted, sharp, metallic foreign bodies.

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This research aims to find out whether the synthetic 1, 2, 4-triazine and its derivatives have antifungal effects and can protect humans from infection with Candida albicans. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation are widely used in modern drug design to target a We are interested in using molecular docking and molecular dynamics modelling to investigate the interaction between the derivatives of 1, 2, 4-triazine and the resulting lanosterol 14 - demethylase (CYP51) of Candida albicans The inhibition of Candida albicans CYP51 is the main goal of our research. The 1, 2, 4-triazine and its derivatives have been docked to the CYP51 enzyme, which is involved in Candida albicans Multidrug Drug Resistance (MDR). Autodock tools were used to identifying the binding affinities of molecules against the target proteins. Compared to conventional fluconazole, the molecular docking results indicated that each drug has a high binding affinity for CYP51 proteins and forms unbound interactions and hydrogen bonds with their active residues and surrounding allosteric residues. The docking contacts were made using a 10 ns MD simulation with nine molecules. RMSD, RMSF, hydrogen bonds, and the Rg all confirm these conclusions. In addition, these compounds were expected to have a favorable pharmacological profile and low toxicity. The compounds are being offered as scaffolds for the development of new antifungal drugs and as candidates for future in vitro testing.