Background: Trauma is a leading cause of mortality globally. Thoracic trauma is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in both children and adult. Objective: To compare between children and adult after exposure to a blunt chest trauma according to incidence, mechanism of injury, effect of trauma on lung, pleura and ribs and in hospital mortality rate. Patients and methods: A prospective, comparative study included patients with blunt chest trauma attending to the Emergency Department, Menoufia University during the period from November 2019 to April 2020. Results: The outcomes of the study were in the form of incidence, mechanisms of injury, effect of trauma on lung, pleura and ribs and hospital mortality rate in adult and children. There was difference in incidence in studied groups as adult has higher incidence, according to mechanism of injury, motor traffic accident was the main cause of trauma in both groups. Pulmonary contusion was the most common chest injury in both groups but more in children (71%) than in adult (66.7%), chest wall fracture was more in adult (33.3%) than in children (7.1%) and pneumothorax was more in adult (27.3%) than in children (7.1%) exactly as hemothorax. Mortality was observed mainly in adult group (36.4%), while it was (21.4%) in pediatric group. Conclusion: There were differences between children and adult exposed to blunt chest trauma in incidence, effect of trauma on lung, pleura and ribs, and in mortality

Background: Great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence is involved in the majority of cases of varicose disease. Standard pre-interventional assessment is required to decide the treatment modalities. GSV diameter measured at sapheno-femoral junction, proximal thigh, distal thigh, knee, proximal leg, distal leg. Analysis done to find at which diameter size the reflux expected to occur. Methods: The study involved 100 limbs from outpatient vascular clinic. GSV diameter measurement was done at the sapheno-femoral junction, at the proximal thigh, at the distal thigh, below the knee, mid leg in correlation to the reflux. Results: SFJ reflux (group I) was observed at 7.16±2.30 mm, proximal thigh (group II) at 6.60±1.89 mm, distal thigh (group III a) at 6.12±1.63 mm, knee (group III b) at 5.78±1.60 mm, proximal leg (group IV) at 4.6±1.24 mm, and mid leg (group V) at 3.59±1.16 mm. Conclusions: Measurement at six sites revealed higher sensitivity and specificity to predict reflux, GSV diameter correlates with reflux, sites to predict reflux not only at SFJ and proximal thigh but GSV measurement at knee joint can predict reflux. Measurement of GSV at knee joint can predict reflux if more than 5.5 mm.