ObjectivesRecent estimates have indicated that the weighted community prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is rising. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and determinants of BDD among female adolescents in Jeddah, KSA.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among female students in governmental secondary schools. Students presenting with abnormal health conditions were excluded. A multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used to select the target number of students (N = 495). BDD screening was performed using a BDD questionnaire.ResultsThe students’ mean (standard deviation) age was 16.78 (1.11) years, and the prevalence of BDD was 12.3% (95% confidence interval: 9.6–15.5%). The body parts associated with the most concern were the skin (18.4%), hair (10.7%), teeth (9.9%), and nose (9.5%). Psychosocial assessment showed that the body part of concern was associated with sadness in 20.6%, avoidance reactions in 17.6%, and problems in school, work, or other activities in 3.8% while playing a role in social relationships in 21.5%. The aspects associated with the highest risk included the skin (odds ratio (OR) = 8.33, p < 0.001), followed by body fat (OR = 8.17, p < 0.001) and the nose (OR = 7.35, p < 0.001). With the number of affected body parts, the prevalence of BDD increased from 21.7% (one body part) to 60%.ConclusionsIn this study, BDD was a common, difficult-to-recognise disorder with a prevalence of one in eight female Saudi adolescents. It was associated with marked changes in social interactions, self-esteem, and quality of life.

Background/Aims:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that requires early diagnosis and proper management. Patients with early symptoms of IBD are typically evaluated first by primary healthcare (PHC) physicians, who in turn refer patients with suspected IBD to specialists. Therefore, we aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of PHC physicians toward IBD.Materials and Methods:We conducted a comparative cross-sectional survey of PHC physicians practicing at the Ministry of Health PHC centers in Jeddah, KSA. Demographics and data on the knowledge and practices of physicians were collected through a predefined and tested questionnaire that included three domains (Eaden, Leong, and Sign/Symptom Awareness). A subgroup of the cohort was educated about IBD referral criteria (group A, n = 65) prior to study initiation and their responses were compared with those from the remaining group (group B, n = 135). Regression analysis was used to test associations with the significance threshold set at 5%.Results:A total of 211 PHC physicians were surveyed with a response rate of 95%. Female physicians comprised 66.5% of the cohort and the mean age was 32.26 ± 6.6 years. About 91% of physicians were Saudi nationals, and 75.5% were MBBS degree holders. The majority of the respondents (93%) reported seeing zero to five patients with IBD per month, and almost half of the physicians preferred to always refer patients to specialists (49.5%). Most of the respondents were uncomfortable (3.27 ± 1.4 to 4.35 ± 1.2) with initiating or managing specific medical therapies (maintenance therapy, therapy for acute flare, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics) for patients with IBD. With regard to knowledge, group A had higher scores in all three domains especially in the Sign/Symptom Awareness domain (mean score 6.17 ± 1.1 vs. 3.5 ± 1.01, P < 0.001). According to multivariate analyses, both groups’ knowledge showed no significant relationship with any of the medical therapies, except for the Sign/Symptom Awareness domain which was shown to be significantly affecting the comfort of doctors in managing maintenance therapy among patients with IBD [odds ratio (OR) =1.61, P = 0.008]. Gender, nationality, and qualifications were found to have a significant influence on the comfort in initiating specific medical therapies. Group A was identified as a significant factor in predicting comfort with managing corticosteroids (OR = 8.25, P = 0.006) and immunomodulators (OR = 6.03, P = 0.02) on patients with IBD.Conclusion:The knowledge and comfort of PHC physicians with IBD medication prescription appears to be higher when education is provided. This observation is important, since PHC physicians are responsible for early identification and referral of patients suspected of having IBD, to specialists.

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Background: Workplace violence is a universal problem across all hospitals. Very few studies have reported violence incidents faced by residents during their residency. This study aimed to quantity family medicine resident's exposure of workplace violence and its consequences. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among family medicine residents of joint program of Family medicine in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in 2020. A structured questionnaire consists of demographic data, occupational history and reporting of violence was used to collect data. Out of total 180 family medicine residents were, 155 had participated in study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 version statistical software. Results: Out of 155 residents, there were 57(36.8%) were male subjects. The mean (SD) age of residents was 28.3(2.5) years. Self-reported prevalence of workplace violence during their residency training period was 46.5%. And there is no significant association between exposure to workplace violence and resident's gender (p=0.873), marital status (p=0.595) and level of residency (p=0.268). Verbal abuse was faced by 69(82.1%) residents. Overcrowding, long waiting time, reaction to injury and misunderstanding were causes of violence. Only 23(31.9%) of residents had reported violent incidents to their supervisors. Conclusions: Workplace violence has become a routine and significant problem in all hospitals where physicians, residents, interns and nurses are victims. A high prevalence of violence together with underreporting indicates inadequate role of administrative machinery to provide measures for the safety of health care workers. Providing training for residents in best working practices and proper methods of resolving conflicts could reduce the incidents of workplace violence.