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Background Although many studies reported a close relationship between depression and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the underlying pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of AD and major depressive disorder (MDD). Method: The datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. After screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs), gene ontology and pathway analysis were performed and protein–protein interaction, TF-target gene, and miRNA-target gene networks were established. Results: 171 DEGs of AD-related datasets and 79 DEGs shared by AD and MDD were detected. Functional analysis revealed that AD and MDD common genes were significantly enriched in circadian entrainment and long-term depression signaling pathways. Five hub genes were identified after construction of networks and validation of hub gene signatures. In conclusion, DYNC1H1, MAPRE3, TTBK2, ITGB1, and WASL may be potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of AD and MDD.

Variations in phosphorus (P) speciation were compared for two types of pilot scale wetlands: a blast furnace slag-based constructed wetland (SCW), and a gravel-based constructed wetland (GCW). Synthetic secondary effluent was used as the influent of the wetlands, which contained 1.1 mg/L P with more than 95% present as soluble reactive P (SRP). However, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) and particulate phosphorus (PP) emerged in the water along both wetlands. The levels of these three P species varied between the two wetlands. The GCW was more efficient than SCW at removing SRP, but showed a different trend. SRP decreased continually in the SCW, while it increased at the end of the GCW due to biological release. DOP was constant in SCW and GCW, and the mean value was 0.023 and 0.020 mg/L, respectively. The mean values of PP in the GCW ranged between 0.093 and 0.216 mg/L; much higher than the 0.05 l 0.01 mg/L measured in the SCW. Sequential extractions showed that iron bound PP (Fe-PP), aluminum bound PP (Al-PP), organic PP (Org-PP) and occluded PP (Oc-PP) were the major components of PP at most locations of the GCW. Fe-PP decreased from 0.53 to 0.14 mg/L in the upper layer, with DO steady at about 0.15 mg/L at the bottom. Oc-PP increased at each layer. Al-PP and Org-PP were steady in the first 140 cm of the GCW, but decreased sharply at the end. Considering the variation of SRP, DOP and PP fractionations, it can be seen that PP exchanged intensively with SRP in the GCW, and might act as an intermediate in the P removal process. Part of the SRP was first transformed into PP, and then absorbed by substrates or deposited in the wetlands. P removal was mainly via Ca precipitation in the SCW, but involved multiple mechanisms in the GCW, such as precipitation, adsorption and biological interactions. The multiple P removal mechanisms might be the reason for the low proportion of SRP, and the better P removal efficiency observed in the GCW.

BackgroundAlthough many pathological mechanisms and etiological hypotheses of acute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUVP) have been reported, but the actual etiology remains to be elucidated.ObjectiveThis study was based on comprehensive bioinformatics to identify the critical genes of AUVP and explore its pathological mechanism.MethodsGene expression profiles of AUVP and normal samples were collected from GSE146230 datasets of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was constructed, and the WGCNA R-package extracted significant modules. The limma R-package was applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The common genes of practical modules and DEGs were screened for GO and KEGG pathways analysis. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) layout and hub genes validation was created by Cytoscape software using the link from the STRING database. The functions of hub genes were predicted through the CTD (comparative genetics database).ResultsA total of 332 common genes were screened from practical modules and DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were predominantly associated with inflammation and infection. After construction of PPI, expressions of hub genes, and drawing ROC curves, LILRB2, FPR1, AQP9, and LILRA1 are highly expressed in AUVP (p < 0.05) and have a certain diagnostic efficacy for AUVP (AUC > 0.7), so they were selected as hub genes. The functions of hub genes suggested that the occurrence of AUVP may be related to inflammation, necrosis, hepatomegaly, and other conditions in CTD.ConclusionLILRB2, FPR1, AQP9, and LILRA1 may play essential roles in developing AUVP, providing new ideas for diagnosing and treating AUVP.