Study Type – Diagnosis (systematic review) Level of Evidence 1 What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? In recent years, more attention has focused on the role of narrow band imaging (NBI) in bladder cancer detection and NBI technology has spread rapidly. It is an important method for diagnosing new or recurrent bladder cancer. But its diagnostic accuracy is still uncertain. This paper summarizes the diagnostic accuracy of NBI in bladder cancer and compares NBI with white light imaging. The results show that NBI cystoscopy significantly improves the detection accuracy in bladder cancer, compared with white light imaging. However, some limitations still exist. Multicentre randomized studies are recommended to determine whether the visual advantages of NBI can translate into real therapeutic benefit for individual patients. OBJECTIVE To assess the test performance and clinical effectiveness of narrow band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy compared with white light imaging (WLI) cystoscopy in people suspected of new or recurrent bladder cancer. METHODS Literature on NBI cystoscopy in the diagnosis of bladder cancer was searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and CNKI, with hand searching of relevant congress abstracts and journals. The literature was selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Meta‐DiSc1.4 software was used to review management and analysis. RESULTS Eight studies including 1022 patients assessed test performance. On a per‐person analysis, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio of NBI and WLI were respectively 0.943 (95% CI 0.914−0.964) and 0.848 (95% CI 0.803−0.885), 0.847 (95% CI 0.812−0.878) and 0.870 (95% CI 0.831−0.903), 7.038 (95% CI 3.357−14.754) and 6.938 (95% CI 2.052−23.465), 0.054 (95% CI 0.012−0.237) and 0.181 (95% CI 0.091−0.361), and 185.32 (95% CI 45.714−751.26) and 42.931 (95% CI 8.088−227.88). The area under the curve and Q* of NBI and WLI were respectively 0.9781 and 0.8944, and 0.9337 and 0.8253. For the characterization of carcinoma in situ, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio of NBI were 0.927 (95% CI 0.878−0.960), 0.768 (95% CI 0.730−0.802), 4.545 (95% CI 2.820−7.325), 0.125 (95% CI 0.051−0.304) and 48.884 (95% CI 15.642−152.77) on a per‐person analysis. The area under the curve and Q* were 0.9391 and 0.8763. CONCLUSION NBI is an effective method for the identification of abnormal lesions including carcinoma in situ and can provide higher diagnostic precision of bladder cancer than WLI.

Taken together, our findings suggest that GAS5 is a tumor suppressor in human gliomas that acts in part by repressing miR-18a-5p.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with workplace violence towards health workers (HWs) in a Chinese hospital.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey in a Chinese secondary hospital in 2019 using an international survey questionnaire, and collected valid data from 1028 HW respondents via mobile phone. Alongside analysing the potential association between exposure to violence and respondents’ characteristics, we compared the workplace violence between this survey and a baseline survey in the same hospital using the same questionnaire in 2018, and investigated the existing measures.ResultsA total of 5.45% of respondents had encountered physical violence while 41.63% had experienced psychological violence. Women (OR=3.45, 95% CI 1.87 to 6.38), those working in outpatient and emergency departments (OR=7.96, 95% CI 2.27 to 27.95), and those with extremely high concern about workplace violence (OR=7.94, 95% CI 1.04 to 60.85) were significantly more likely to suffer physical violence. Working in the outpatient and emergency department (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.34), having direct physical contact/interaction with patients (OR=2.98, 95% CI 1.62 to 5.49), and extremely high worry about workplace violence (OR=6.47 95% CI 3.38 to 12.40) significantly increased the risk of psychological violence. When the results of the baseline survey were compared with those in this survey, it was shown that physical violence declined significantly from 8.79% in 2018 to 5.45% in 2019, while psychological violence declined significantly from 47.14% in 2018 to 41.63% in 2019. The most recognised measures were security measures (81.03%) while the least recognised measures were check-in procedures for staff (11.19%).ConclusionWorkplace violence towards HWs is a global problem with country-specific features. In our study, workplace violence in the hospital is of great concern. While demonstrating the effectiveness of measures in some degree, there is significant room for improvement. To achieve the vision of ‘zero violence’ in the health sector, aligned comprehensive measures should be systematically adopted.

Objective: This study explored whether the efficacy of food safety education interventions can be increased by message framing among medical university students, and demonstrated the role of personal involvement within the message recipient in moderating framed effects. Methods: A cross-sectional study of food safety message framing was conducted among medical university students (randomly selected 1353 participants). An online self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Ordered multivariate logistic regression were utilised in the data analyses. Results: The present study showed significant differences in acceptance between the gain- and loss-framed groups (p < 0.001). Participants with higher personal involvement had higher acceptance than those with low personal involvement in gain- and loss-framed message models (p < 0.001). The acceptance of participants who were concerned about their health condition was higher than those who were neutral regarding their health condition (p < 0.001) and participants who suffered a food safety incident had higher acceptance than those who did not (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study portrayed the selection preference of message framing on food safety education among medical university students in southwest China. Participants exposed to loss-framed messages had higher message acceptance than those exposed to gain-framed messages. Personal involvement may affect the food safety message framing. Public health advocates and professionals can use framed messages as a strategy to enhance intervention efficacy in the process of food safety education.