Background Research has associated nutritional status with the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of a novel nutritional index, triglycerides × total cholesterol × body weight index (TCBI), in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods This retrospective cohort study enrolled 445 patients with DCM. The median follow-up period was 2.8 years, and the primary endpoint was all-cause death. Results During follow-up, the all-cause mortality was observed in 135 out of 445 patients (30.3%). In Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the third TCBI tertile had a lower mortality risk (T3 vs. T2 vs. T1: 16.9% vs. 35.1% vs. 38.9%; log-rank P < 0.001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, patients in the third tertile were associated with a decreased mortality, whereas there was no significant difference between the T2 and T1 groups. Moreover, TCBI could significantly improve risk stratification (continuous net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement) over the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Conclusions TCBI is independently associated with long-term survival in patients with DCM. Combination of TCBI and other biomarkers, such as GNRI and NT-proBNP, can significantly improve prognostic prediction. Further studies with larger sample size are required to validate our results.

Aims Emerging evidence suggests that cartilage intermediate layer protein 1 (CILP‐1) is associated with myocardial remodelling. However, the prognostic value of circulating CILP‐1 in patients with heart failure (HF) remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate whether circulating CILP‐1 can independently predict the outcome of chronic HF. Methods and results This prospective cohort study included 210 patients with chronic HF and left ventricular ejection fraction <50% between September 2018 and December 2019. The primary endpoint was 1 year all‐cause mortality. During the 1 year follow‐up, 28 patients died. In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, higher CILP‐1 levels were independently associated with a higher risk of mortality after adjusting for potential confounding factors. In Kaplan–Meier analysis, patients with CILP‐1 levels above the median had a significantly higher mortality rate than those with CILP‐1 levels below the median (log‐rank P = 0.015). In addition, CILP‐1 significantly improved prognostic prediction over N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide by an increase in net reclassification improvement (P = 0.043) and a trend towards an increase in integrated discrimination improvement (P = 0.118). Conclusions Circulating CILP‐1 is a novel independent prognostic predictor in chronic HF.

No abstract