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Despite numerous studies focused on the residual stress induced from various machining parameters, the optimization of process parameters for the minimum residual stress machining of nodular cast iron has not been found in the current research. This paper aimed to optimize the milling parameters for low residual stress when nodular cast iron was machined. The experiments were performed with three control factors: cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut in an L16(4 3 ) orthogonal array. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was used to measure the residual stresses in both directions. The results indicate that the cutting speed and feed rate but depth of cut play crucial roles in minimizing the residual stress. He is the deputy director of the Department of Mechanical Design.His research interests include residual stress, structural dynamics, and mechanical design. He has presided over a variety of national program on key basic research of project (973 projects) and national high-tech R&D program of China ( 863 programs), and published 48 papers and obtained 10 patents.