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This study systematically examines the diffusion of the discrete event simulation (DES) approach in health services and health care management by examining relevant factors such as research areas, channels with the objective of promoting the application of DES in the health field. We examined 483 journal papers referencing this approach that were published in 230 journals during 1981 to 2014. The application of DES has extended from health service operational research evaluation to the assessment of interventions in diverse health arenas. The increase in the number of adopters (paper authors) of DES and the increase in number of related channels (journals publishing DES-related articles) are highly correlated, which suggests an increase of DES-related publications in health research. The same conclusion is reached, that is, an increased diffusion of DES in health research, when we focus on the temporal trends of the channels and adopters. The applications of DES in health research cover 22 major areas based on our categorization. The expansion in the health areas also suggests to a certain extent the rapid diffusion of DES in health research.

In this paper, the distributed-order capacitor is discussed in both theoretical and physical ways. The distributed-order element networks are constructed by using the distributed-order capacitors and other electric elements. The impulse responses and the asymptotic properties of two typical distributed-order element networks are derived by using the complex path integral, in which all the results are verified by the NILT method. Based on the derived analytical impulse responses, we present a technique to perform the discretization of the above distributed-order element networks. A number of illustrated figures are presented to validate the concepts.

A strengthened evidence base and earmarked federal funding have spurred the implementation of coordinated specialty care (CSC) for people experiencing early psychosis. However, existing funding mechanisms are insufficient and unsustainable to support population-wide deployment of CSC. This article describes the design framework of an innovative payment model for CSC that includes a bundled case rate payment and an optional outcome-based payment. To assist CSC payer and provider organizations in designing payment systems tailored to local preferences and circumstances, the research team is developing a decision-support tool that allows users to define design choices and provide input. The authors document the analytical algorithms underlying the tool and discuss how it could be further developed or expanded for CSC and other behavioral health interventions that feature an interdisciplinary team of clinicians and nonclinical professionals, public education and outreach, patient centeredness, and a recovery orientation.