Aspirasi benda asing pada saluran napas bawah adalah kegawatdaruratan yang menyebabkan kematian. Terdapat lebih kurang 3000 kematian seetiap tahunnya akibat aspirasi benda asing di Amerika Serikat. Terdapat 14 kasus aspirasi benda asing di RSUP Persahabatan yang dilakukan tindakan bronkoskopi pada tahun 2000-2005. Penyebab tersering adalah aspirasi jarum pentul 36,7%, kacang 21,21% dan gigi palsu 9,09%. Komplikasi yang terjadi karena aspirasi benda asing diantaranya pneumonia, efusi pleura, ateletaksi, abses dan hemoptisis. Seorang laki-laki 16 tahun datang dengan keluhan utama batuk produktif disertai dengan darah sejak 7 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Tidak ada keluhan respirasi lain dan keluhan sistemik. Riwayat tertelan paku mading 3 bulan yang lalu, tapi tidak pernah memeriksakan diri ke dokter. Tanda-tanda vital normal. Fremitus melemah dan suara ronki di paru kanan bawah. Rontgen toraks AP-Lateral menunjukkan gambaran ateletaksis di lobus medius dan inferior paru kanan, terdapat corpus alienum di hilus kanan. CT scan toraks menunjukkan gambaran ateletaksis dan cospus alienum. Pasien didagnosis dengan ateletaksis ec corpus alienum dengan diagnosis banding abses paru. Corpus alienum dikeluarkan dengan tindakan bronkoskopi serat lentur. Tampak gambaran bronkoskopi pada rontgen toraks post bronkoskopi. Pasien diterapi dengan antibiotic dan obat anti perdarahan. Dari kasus ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa komplikasi kronik aspirasi benda asing pada saluran napas bawah diantraanya ateletaksis, abses paru dan bronkiektasi. Usia muda mempengaruhi prognosis baik, karena gejala sisa tidak ditemukan pada kasus ini.
Background: ctDNA is an alternative test for detecting mutation of EGFR in lung cancer type adenocarcinoma if the tissue speciment can not be carried out. Sensitivity, specificity and accuration of ctDNA test is stil varied. This study is aimed to acknowledge sensitivity, specificity and accuration of ctDNA in detecting EGFR mutation in patient with lung cancer type adenocarcinoma in M Djamil Hospital. Methods: Design this study a diagnostik test comparing ctDNA to tissue speciment in detection EGFR mutation of 42 patients with lung cancer type adenocarcinoma in M Djamil Hospital. Sample was selected through consecutive technique. Results: Incidence of EGFR mutation in patients with lung cancer type adenocarcinoma from tissue speciment was higher than ctDNA ((42,9% vs 28,6%; p=0,031). There was significant diffierence of EGFR mutation detection between sex, smoking status, and TNM staging based on tissue/cytology examination and ctDNA (p=0,031). EGFR mutation in sitologic test and ctDNA was more likely detected in male patient (66.7% and 58.3%), ex-smoker (50% and 41.7%) and stage IV (88.9% and 91.7%). The results of sensitivity, specificity positive prediction value (PPV) and Negative prediction value (NPV) in ctDNA test to detect EGFR mutation were 66,7%, 100%, 100% dan 80% according to sitology test as gold standard. Furthermore, the ctDNA accuration was measured according to AUC score 0.833 (SE 0,072, CI 95%, 0,693-0,974, p=0.0001). Conclusion: ctDNA test have a good accuration with sensitiviy 66.7% and specificity 100% in detecting EGFR mutation in patients with lung cancer type adenocarcinoma.
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