Calcifying fibrous pseudotumour (CFPT) is a rare lesion that has only recently been reported in the literature. Usually, the lesion develops in subcutaneous tissue, deep soft tissues or viscera. It appears as a uniform, hypocellular and well-circumscribed mass without a capsule. Only nine cases of gastric CFPT have been reported in the literature so far. Here, we report a new case of gastric CFPT, which was, surprisingly, associated with an ulcer. To our knowledge, a gastric CFPT with an ulcer has not been previously reported in the literature. The patient (a healthy 49-year-old man) had vomited approximately 300 g brown liquid and developed syncope once. CT scan and gastroscopy revealed a polypoid mass at the great curvature of the gastric body with a larger ulcer on its top. The mass was removed by surgery. During a follow-up of 5 months, the patient was asymptomatic with no recurrence. We discuss the imaging findings, as well as the clinicopathological features of this unusual case and review the related literature.