We analyzed the clinicopathological features of 9 breast malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to make both diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and to identify prognostic factors. All tumors lacked epithelial markers but expressed mesenchymal markers, suggesting a mesenchymal origin. Of the five cases expressing Ki-67, two of three patients with axillary lymph node involvement died between 6–8 months, and two died at 17 and 26 months after diagnosis. The two remaining cases, with low Ki-67 expression, had no recurrent or metastatic disease at 145 months after diagnosis. Previous studies have shown that surgery is the primary treatment of choice, but no clear benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy was observed. We demonstrate that axillary lymph node involvement and high expression of Ki-67 are associated with poorer prognosis. A literature review indicates surgery remains the first choice for MFH, but benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy remain unclear.

YST usually appears as a large solid-cystic mass with intratumoral hemorrhage, capsular tear, marked heterogeneous enhancement, and enlarged intratumoral vessels on CT images. Intratumoral calcification and fatty tissue, although rare, may indicate a mixed YST containing teratoma component.

2D postcontrast CT images are superior to 3D volume-rendered CT angiography in evaluating the relationship between extremity sarcomas and adjacent major vessels. 3D volume-rendered CT angiography is good at assessing the tumor's blood supply, the longitudinal extent of vascular involvement, and the vascular narrowing due to the tumor.

Ovarian yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare neoplasms. No radiological study has been done to compare the imaging findings between this type of tumor and other ovarian tumors. Here we analyzed the CT findings of 11 pathologically proven ovarian YSTs and compared their imaging findings with 18 other types of ovarian tumors in the same age range. Patient age, tumor size, tumor shape, ascites and metastasis of two groups did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). A mixed solid-cystic nature, intratumoral hemorrhage, marked enhancement and dilated intratumoral vessel of two groups differed significantly (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of four significant CT features was 0.679, 0.707, 0.705, and 1.000, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified two independent signs of YST: intratumoral hemorrhage and marked enhancement. Our results show that certain suggestive CT signs that may be valuable for improving the accuracy of imaging diagnosis of YST and may be helpful in distinguishing YST from other ovarian tumors.

Studies using tumor circularity (TC), a quantitative MRI morphologic index, to evaluate breast cancer are scarce. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between TC and immunohistochemical biomarkers or molecular subtypes in breast cancer. 146 patients with 150 breast cancers were selected. All tumors were confirmed by histopathology and examined by 3.0T MRI. TC was calculated by computer-aided software. The associations between TC and patient age, tumor size, histological grade, molecular subtypes, and immunohistochemical biomarkers including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki67 were analyzed. TC correlated inversely with tumor size (r = −0.224, P < 0.001), ER (r = −0.490, P < 0.001) and PR (r = −0.484, P < 0.001). However, TC correlated positively with Ki67 (r = 0.332, P < 0.001) and histological grade (r = 0.309, P < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, tumor size, ER, PR and Ki67 were independent influential factors of TC. Compared with HER2-overexpressed (61.6%), luminal A (54.7%) and luminal B (52.3%) subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) showed the highest score of TC (70.8%, P < 0.001). Our study suggests that TC can be used as an imaging biomarker to predict the aggressiveness of newly diagnosed breast cancers. TNBC seems to present as an orbicular appearance when comparing with other subtypes.