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ObjectivesThe purpose of this paper is to provide a mini-review covering the recent progress in human and animal studies on local field potentials (LFPs) of major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Materials and methodsPubMed and EMBASE were searched to identify related studies. Inclusion criteria were (1) reported the LFPs on OCD or MDD, (2) published in English, and (3) human or animal studies. Exclusion criteria were (1) review or meta-analysis or other literature types without original data and (2) conference abstract without full text. Descriptive synthesis of data was performed.ResultsEight studies on LFPs of OCD containing 22 patients and 32 rats were included: seven were observational studies with no controls, and one animal study included a randomized and controlled phase. Ten studies on LFPs of MDD containing 71 patients and 52 rats were included: seven were observational studies with no controls, one study with control, and two animal studies included a randomized and controlled phase.ConclusionThe available studies revealed that different frequency bands were associated with specific symptoms. Low frequency activity seemed to be closely related to OCD symptoms, whereas LFPs findings in patients with MDD were more complicated. However, limitations of recent studies restrict the drawing of definite conclusions. Combined with other measures such as Electroencephalogram, Electrocorticography, or Magnetoencephalography and long-term recordings in various physiological states (rest state, sleep state, task state) could help to improve the understanding of potential mechanisms.