Objective:To integrate the effects of duration of using intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) on renal function, major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and all-cause mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicating pump failure. Methods:Between March 2017 and June 2018, a retrospective study enrolled 306 patients with AMI complicating pump failure who underwent coronary artery angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was conducted. Patients were divided into the duration ≤4 days and the duration＞4 days in basis of median the IABP duration. We compared the renal function parameters at the three time section of IABP implantation between two groups. Analysis of factors of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), 12-month MACEs and all-cause mortality were also performed. Results:There were 146 patients in IABP duration ≤4 days and 92 patients in IABP duration > 4 days. Renal function was only correlated with IABP duration instead of timing of IABP implantation. On multivariate analysis, CIN risk increased by 81.2% (RR= 1.812, 95%CI, 1.167–3.763) for every 100mL increment of contrast agent. Hematocrit, blood platelet, IABP use >4 days were significantly inversely associated with CIN. Cox-regression analysis suggested that IABP duration was not significantly correlated with the incidence of 12-month MACEs and all-cause mortality. Conclusion:Longer duration of IABP implantation was beneficial to renal function, but was not significantly correlated with the incidence of 12-month MACEs and all-cause mortality in patients with AMI complicating pump failure. Patients undergoing PCI or CABG should notice that the potential damage of high dose of contrast agents on the renal function.