There is an established link between food promotions and children's food purchase and consumption. Children in developing countries may be more vulnerable to food promotions given the relative novelty of advertising in these markets. This study aimed to determine the scope of television food advertising to children across the Asia-Pacific to inform policies to restrict this marketing. Six sites were sampled, including from China, Indonesia, Malaysia and South Korea. At each site, 192 h of television were recorded (4 days, 16 h/day, three channels) from May to October 2012. Advertised foods were categorized as core/healthy, non-core/unhealthy or miscellaneous, and by product type. Twenty-seven percent of advertisements were for food/beverages, and the most frequently advertised product was sugar-sweetened drinks. Rates of non-core food advertising were highest during viewing times most popular with children, when between 3 (South Korea) and 15 (Indonesia) non-core food advertisements were broadcast each hour. Children in the Asia-Pacific are exposed to high volumes of unhealthy food/beverage television advertising. Different policy arrangements for food advertising are likely to contribute to regional variations in advertising patterns. Cities with the lowest advertising rates can be identified as exemplars of good policy practice.

Alumina nanotubes were fabricated by a template method. Tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium (GaQ3) organic nanowires were used as a soft template for coating with alumina using an atomic layer deposition technique. The deposition was conducted at 25 degrees C by using trimethylaluminum and distilled water as the precursors of Al2O3. Amorphous alumina nanotubes were obtained after removing the GaQ3 by dissolving in toluene or by heat treatment at 350 degrees C. The amorphous nanotubes could be crystallized by heating at 900 degrees C for 1 h in vacuum.

Understanding the effects of intermolecular interactions on metal-to-metal charge transfer (MMCT) is crucial to develop molecular devices by grafting MMCT-based molecular arrays.H erein, we report as eries of solvent-free {Fe 2 Co 2 } compounds sharing the same cationic tetranuclear {[Fe(PzTp)-(CN) 3 ] 2 [Co(dpq) 2 ] 2 } 2+ (PzTp À = tetrakis(pyrazolyl)borate, dpq = dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline) square units but having anions with different size, including BF 4 À ,PF 6 À ,OTf À ,and [Fe(PzTp)(CN) 3 ] À .I ntermolecular p···p interactions between dpq ligands,w hichc oordinate to cobalt ions in the {[Fe-(PzTp)(CN) 3 ] 2 [Co(dpq) 2 ] 2 } 2+ units,c an be modulated by introducing different counterions,r egulating the distortion of the CoN 6 octahedron and ligand field around the cobalt ions. This change results in different MMCT behavior.C omputational analyzes reveal the substantial role of the intermolecular interactions tuned by the presence of different counteranions on the MMCT behavior.