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With the rapid development of power electronics technology and its successful application, many demonstration projects of medium/low-voltage DC (M-LVDC) distribution systems have been constructed. The DC transformer (DCT) is the key equipment in the M-LVDC distribution system for interconnecting the MVDC and LVDC buses. In this paper, the characteristics of DCTs are summarized. The existing topologies of DCTs are analyzed, and the relevant control strategies are researched, including steady-state control, transient control, and cascaded control. The engineering application examples of DCTs are introduced by interpreting the medium and low-voltage DC distribution system demonstration project in Wujiang City, Suzhou. Finally, the challenges faced by the DCT are given, and the future development trend is predicted. This perspective provides a constructive basis for DCTs and an important reference for M-LVDC distribution systems.

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