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With the development of deep learning, more and more neural networks have been used in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) image classification and obtain good results. As we all know, the performances of neural networks highly depend on well-designed neural architectures. Besides, the features input to neural networks also have a huge impact on the classification results. Both architecture design and feature selection are time-consuming and require human expertise. So, in this paper, we propose a neural architecture search method with feature selection (Pol-NAS) for PolSAR image classification. It can automatically search and obtain a good architecture including intra-cell, inter-cell structure and the number of layers in the search stage. Meanwhile, all the features commonly used in PolSAR data interpretation, rather than part of them, are input to the model in order to avoid selecting the size of optimal feature subset, which is a hyper-parameter and usually different for different models. Then, we propose the Feature Attention block (FA block) and redesign the stem layers by combining the FA block and the original stem layers. Thus, Pol-NAS can adaptively find the importance of each feature in the training stage by using the redesigned stem layers. With the help of Pol-NAS, we only need to prepare the data and wait for the classification results. Experimental results on three real PolSAR datasets show that the performance of Pol-NAS is better than that of state-of-theart PolSAR image classification models. The code is available at https://github.com/guangyuanLiu/Pol-NAS.

Brain-inspired algorithms have become a new trend in next-generation artificial intelligence. Through research on brain science, the intelligence of remote sensing algorithms can be effectively improved. This paper summarizes and analyzes the essential properties of brain cognise learning and the recent advance of remote sensing interpretation. Firstly, this paper introduces the structural composition and the properties of the brain. Then, five represent brain-inspired algorithms are studied, including multiscale geometry analysis, compressed sensing, attention mechanism, reinforcement learning, and transfer learning. Next, this paper summarizes the data types of remote sensing, the development of typical applications of remote sensing interpretation and the implementations of remote sensing, including datasets, software, and hardware. Finally, the top ten open problems and the future direction of brain-inspired remote sensing interpretation are discussed. This work aims to comprehensively review the brain mechanisms and the development of remote sensing and to motivate future research on brain-inspired remote sensing interpretation.

Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000.