Background Echinococcosis is considered a neglected zoonotic disease and has been a major worldwide public health problem. Although it is known that health literacy is closely related to health behaviours and health outcomes, few studies have paid attention to echinococcosis related health literacy. This study aims to examine the association between echinococcosis-specific health literacy (ES-HL) and behavioural intention to prevent echinococcosis (BIPE) among herdsmen on the Tibet Plateauin in China. Methods A cross-sectional study of 401 Tibetan herdsmen was conducted in Gande county of Qinghai Province, China. Participants were recruited from August to September 2018 and from February to March 2019. A self-developed questionnaire was used to measure demographic information, ES-HL and BIPE. Hierarchical regression analysis was done to identify the factors associated with BIPE. Results In the hierarchical regression analysis, we entered age, sex, education level, marital state and family monthly income per capita into model 1 which explained a significant amount of variance in BIPE (Adjusted R2 change = 0.029, P = 0.006). Sex (β = − 0.125, P = 0.013) and family monthly income per capita (β = − 0.133, P = 0.009) were found to be associated with BIPE. Subsequently, the three factors of ES-HL were added to Model 1 to create Model 2. In Model 2, the two factors of ES-HL, perceived echinococcosis information support (β = 0.229, P < 0.001) and echinococcosis-specific self-management ability (β = 0.252, P < 0.001), were significantly associated with BIPE, while the information acquisition and evaluation ability factor (β =0.093, P = 0.089) was not found to be associated with BIPE. The model improved significantly when ES-HL was included (Model 2) explaining the 25.8% of variance of BIPE (Adjust R2 change =0.229, P < 0.001). Conclusions ES-HL is an important predictor of whether individuals take preventive actions against echinococcosis. An ES-HL promotion action project should be developed targeting specific populations to enhance the prevention of echinococcosis.

International aids to the under developed countries have long been an essential part of international cooperation and global governance. As the representative African country, Nigeria has been aided by the United States, the EU, the UN as well as China for decades, receiving assistance and building cooperation with other countries from security, finance, production to knowledge. Against the deep interdependence situation in today’s international situation, the lack of a comprehensive analysis of Nigeria’s power and evaluation of assistances shall be filled soon. This study collected data and information about the existing assistances and cooperation between Nigeria and China, expected to evaluate the effect of assistance and the change of Nigeria’s national power with the perspective of structural power, in order to provide suggestions and set light on future international aids.

Background Echinococcosis is considered a neglected zoonotic disease. It has been an major worldwide health problem primarily affecting pastoral and poor rural communities with weak infrastructures, limited economic resources and poor sanitation. In general, the population in these poor areas has a low level of health literacy. This study aims to examine the association between echinococcosis-specific health literacy(ES-HL) and behavioral intention to prevent echinococcosis(BIPE) among herdsmen on the Tibet Plateauin in China. Methods A cross-sectional study of 401 Tibetan herdsmen was conducted in Gande country of Qinghai Province, China. Participants were recruited from August to September 2018 and from February to March 2019. A self-developed questionnaire was used to measure demographic information, ES-HL and BIPE. Hierarchical regression analysis was done to identify the factors associated with BIPE. Results In the hierarchical regression analysis, we entered age, sex, education level, marital state and family monthly income per capita into model 1 which explained a significant amount of variance in BIPE (Adjusted R2 change = 0.029, P = 0.006), and sex(β= -0.125, P = 0.013) and family monthly income per capita(β= -0.133, P = 0.009) were found to be associated with BIPE. Then three factors of ES-HL was added to Model 1 to create Model 2. In Model 2, the two factors of ES-HL, perceived echinococcosis information support (β = 0.229, P < 0.001) and echinococcosis-specific self-management ability (β = 0.252, P < 0.001), were significantly associated with BIPE, while the information acquisition and evaluation ability factor (β = 0.093, P = 0.089) was not found to be associated with BIPE. The model improved significantly when ES-HL was included (Model 2) explaining 25.8% of variance of BIPE(Adjust R2 change = 0.229, P < 0.001) Conclusions ES-HL is an important predictor of whether individuals take preventive actions against echinococcosis. ES-HL promotion action project should be developed aiming at different target population to enhance some of the specific abilities needed to prevent echinococcosis.