Background: In an era of unprecedented socio-ecological changes, managing wildlife health demands high-quality data collection and the engagement of local communities. Blastocerus dichotomus, the largest South American deer, is Vulnerable to extinction mainly due to habitat loss. Diseases have been recognised as a potential threat, and winter mortality has been historically described in marsh deer populations from Argentina. Field difficulties have, however, prevented in-depth studies of their health status. Results: Between May 2014 and April 2017, we investigated marsh deer morbidity and mortality in the two largest populations in Argentina. We collected data by means of a passive surveillance system that involved a network of researchers, field partners (veterinarians, park rangers, and local community), and decision makers. We sampled marsh deer during as well as outside mortality events. A total of 44 marsh deer with different body condition scores were evaluated. We obtained haematology and biochemistry values from animals with good body condition score. Marsh deer with poor body condition had a high burden of the ticks Amblyomma triste and Rhipicephalus microplus. Vectorborne agents such as Theileria cervi, Trypanosoma theileri, Trypanosoma evansi, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma odocoilei, Anaplasma marginale, and Candidatus Anaplasma boleense were also found. Haemonchus spp., Ostertagia spp., and Trichostrongylus spp. were the most frequent gastrointestinal parasites in deer with poor body condition. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis reinforced a possible association of winter period with lower body score condition, high tick loads, infection with E. chaffeensis, and presence of harmful gastrointestinal parasites.
El objetivo del estudio fue conocer características demográficas y de la tenencia de animales de compañía, así como las motivaciones, actitudes y conductas de la población que tiene o no animales, especialmente caninos, en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Se diseñó un estudio social explicativo de prevalencia en dos áreas de la ciudad con diferentes estructuras socioeconómicas. En el grupo 1 (San Cristóbal) se encuestaron 357 viviendas y en el grupo 2 (Barrio Mitre) se encuestaron 169 viviendas. Se observó una alta proporción de animales por vivienda en ambas áreas. Los índices de tenencia de caninos por habitante entre las áreas difieren significativamente, lo que puede atribuirse al nivel socioeconómico. Las diferencias en las proporciones de caninos hembra, de talla pequeña y con tendencia a razas puras con indicadores de mortalidad, natalidad y supervivencia variables indicarían que las poblaciones de animales de compañía tienden a ser reflejo de las condiciones sociales y vida de la población humana. Se observó que la esterilización puede emplearse para el control reproductivo o para resolver necesidades de la estrecha convivencia en el área urbana. Mayoritariamente, los caninos son incorporados a través del regalo, la compra o la recolección en la vía pública. La adopción no fue considerada como opción para obtener un canino. Los mapas cognitivos de tenencia de caninos para caracterizar cualitativa y cuantitativamente el vínculo entre animales y sus tenedores demostraron ser una novedosa forma de analizar la interrelación de variables.
Background: The comprehensive approach to diseases in broad ecological contexts appears as a new challenge for global health. Winter mortality of marsh deer ( Blastocerus dichotomus ) was historically described in Argentina even though field difficulties prevented their in-depth study. Results: Between May 2014 and April 2017, we investigated marsh deer morbidity and mortality through passive surveillance in the two largest populations in Argentina using a participatory approach. The latter spanned a network of researchers, field partners (veterinarians, park rangers, and local community), and decision makers. We sampled dead deer during as well as outside mortality events. A total of 44 marsh deer with different body condition scores were evaluated. We obtained reference haematology and biochemistry values from animals with good body condition score. Marsh deer with poor body condition had a high burden of the ticks Amblyomma triste and Rhipicephalus microplus . Vector-borne agents (VBAs), such as Theileria cervi , Trypanosoma theileri, Trypanosoma evansi, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma odocoilei, Anaplasma marginale , and Candidatus Anaplasma boolense were also found. Haemonchus spp., Ostertagia spp., and Trichostrongylus spp. were the most frequent gastrointestinal parasites in deer with poor body condition. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis reinforced a possible association of winter period with lower body score condition, high tick loads, infection with E. chaffeensis , and presence of harmful gastrointestinal parasites. Conclusions: Our approach allowed the establishment of a participatory surveillance network of marsh deer morbidity and mortality in Argentina. We report and analyse the first data obtained opportunistically within the framework of this network, providing information on the infectious and parasitic agents in marsh deer populations. The occurrence of Fasciola hepatica and Leptospira interrogans serovar pyrogenes is reported for the first time in wild marsh deer from Argentina. The histopathological findings in succumbed animals allowed us to distinguish lesions associated with their body condition from those that were unrelated. Our data will be useful to improve the interpretation of future mortality events. The field implementation of a surveillance network is key to a holistic approach to wildlife diseases.
El objetivo del estudio fue conocer las características de la tenencia, motivaciones, percepciones y conductas de la población tenedora de animales no tradicionales en la ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina. Se realizó un estudio observacional por encuestas en un grupo general (GG): domicilios en un área de nivel socioeconómico medio; en un grupo demandante de servicios de salud (GDS): personas que concurren al Instituto de Zoonosis Dr. Luis Pasteur de CABA; y en un grupo en áreas de riesgo (GAR): domicilios del asentamiento Costanera Sur “Rodrigo Bueno”, barrio con índices de necesidades básicas insatisfechas. Se estudiaron 140 encuestas en GG, 160 en GDS y 154 en GAR durante 2017. La probabilidad de tener canino y/o felino en forma conjunta con animales no tradicionales fue de 63.2% (12/19) en GG y de 75% (9/12) en GAR. La tenencia de animales no tradicionales está estrechamente relacionada a las costumbres de personas que se han instalado en ambientes urbanos migrando desde otras provincias, con la necesidad de mantener ciertos vínculos antropológicos y evitar desarraigos. El 5.3% en GG (1/19), 20.0% en GDS (5/25) y 8.3% en GAR (1/12) mencionaron que su animal había agredido. No se observaron diferencias entre grupos sobre la percepción del riesgo de transmisión de enfermedades, donde coincidieron que sus animales no presentan riesgo, pero consideran que el riesgo es alto cuando la especie es silvestre.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.