The objective of this study was to evaluate the tannin extraction potential taken from the bark of Acacia dealbata. This tannins were extracted with water at 90°C. An extraction yield of 17.2% solids with a Stiasny number of 82% was obtained from the bark extract of Acacia dealbata. The structure was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermal behavior of tannins was studied by DSC and a glass-transition temperature (T g ) of 116,77°C was determined. The thermal stability of tannins was studied by TGA. At 196.91°C the decomposition is 3.7% and the maximum of the weight loss rate (DTG) of the degradation was 257.77°C. The curing with formaldehyde showed an exotherm reaction in the range of 100-120°C, which is similar to tannins of other species.
RESUMENPolipropileno reciclado (rPP) proveniente de rafia sintética de grandes sacos postconsumo, fueron reforzados con 50 y 60% de harina de madera de Pinus radiata de dos tamaños de partícula (60 y 100 mesh) a través de un proceso de mezclado en fundido, con y sin polipropileno maleado (MAPP), utilizado como agente acoplante. La procesabilidad de rPP y de compositos a base de madera-rPP fue estudiada en términos del torque del proceso de mezcla, al igual que las propiedades físicas, térmicas y mecánicas, y comparadas con polipropileno virgen (PP).Los resultados mostraron que la resistencia a la tracción y a la flexión (MOR), módulos determinados en tracción y en flexión (MOE) y resistencia al impacto de rPP y de los compositos madera-rPP, no decrecen comparadas con PP virgen y en términos de los módulos de elasticidad (MOE) y resistencia al impacto son significativamente superiores. Las propiedades mecánicas de las mezclas mejoraron levemente con la presencia de MAPP pero el tamaño de partícula y el contenido de harina de madera (50 y 60%), no tuvieron una clara influencia en estas propiedades.Calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC) fue utilizada para estudiar las propiedades de cristalización y fusión de las muestras y los resultados fueron comparados con PP virgen. Los resultados indican que la harina de madera actúa como un agente de nucleación incrementando la velocidad de cristalización, disminuyendo el grado de cristalización y en consecuencia disminuyendo ligeramente el punto de fusión de los compositos madera-rPP.El análisis termogravimétrico (TGA), mostró que la estabilidad térmica de rPP y de los compositos maderarPP fue ligeramente superior a la de PP virgen.En general, los resultados de este estudio muestran que es factible obtener materiales compuestos de buenas propiedades térmicas y mecánicas utilizando rPP postconsumo reforzado con harina de madera, en proporciones de 50 o 60% de contenido.Palabras claves: Harina de madera, polipropileno reciclado, propiedades térmicas, propiedades mecánicas.
Polystyrene (PS) from packing materials and plastic cups was reinforced with 30 and 50% wood flour through a blending process with and without a commercial compatibilizing agent. The processability of the pure recycled polystyrene (rPS) and wood-rPS composites was studied in terms of the torque of the mixing process; this was then compared with that of a commercial virgin multipurpose PS. The physical and mechanical properties were compared with those of the virgin PS reinforced with 30 and 50% wood flour. The results show that the mechanical properties of the pure and reinforced rPS did not decrease with respect to the virgin PS, and in terms of the impact strength, the rPS was superior to the virgin plastic. The mechanical properties were not affected by the commercial compatibilizing agent, but the torque of the blends was significantly lower with the compatibilizer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis were used to study the glass-transition temperature (T g ) of both the pure virgin PS and pure rPS and the wood flour-PS composites. The T g values of the rPS and wood-rPS composites were higher than those of the virgin PS and wood-virgin PS composites. The use of rPS increased the stiffness and flexural modulus of the composites. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the thermal stability of rPS and its composites was slightly greater than that of the virgin PS and its composites. These results suggest that postconsumer PS can be used to obtain composite materials with good mechanical and thermal properties.
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