Introdução: A Cromoblastomicose é uma doença crônica e de evolução lenta que acomete o tecido celular cutâneo e subcutâneo, tendo como principal agente etiológico, Fonsecaea pedrosoi. Podendo apresentar aspecto polimórfico, de evolução lenta, atingindo principalmente os membros inferiores de trabalhadores rurais. Objetivo: Analisar os achados histopatológicos correlacionando com tipo lesional, gravidade e terapias realizadas em pacientes portadores de agentes da CBM. Metodologia: É um estudo descritivo, analítico, longitudinal dos casos confirmados, com amostra de conveniência, realizado no Centro de Referência Infecciosa e Parasitária da Universidade Federal do Maranhão entre fevereiro/2017 a agosto/2018. Os testes de pesquisa direta, a cultura do fungo e microcultivo foram utilizados para confirmar o diagnóstico e o histopatológico para realizar as correlações e análises deste estudo. O tratamento foi realizado com itraconazol, para os pacientes com doença leve (200mg/dia), e em doença moderada e grave, itraconazol (400mg/dia). Em pacientes com lesões infiltrativas, associou-se imiquimode, tópico, 3 vezes por semana e nos pacientes com baixa resposta terapêutica e os que puderam comparecer no ambulatório a cada 15 dias, associou-se nitrogênio líquido. Resultados: A investigação clínica e epidemiológica dos 52 casos apresentou variação de idade entre 50 a 60 anos (n=21;40%); predominância: do sexo masculino (n=48; 92%), de trabalhadores rurais, de gravidade moderada (n=25;48%), de lesão em placa (n=38;73,08%), de granulomas supurativos (n=20;38,46%) e oriundos em sua maioria da Baixada Maranhense. Nas associações de achados histopatológicos e lesões, houve maiores percentuais para polimorfonuclear, linfócitos e hiperplasia pseudoepiteliomatosa, apontando para uma tentativa de eliminação do fungo (p<0,0001). Na correlação entre os achados histopatológicos e o tratamento, a proliferação vascular apresentou em menor quantidade nos locais das lesões, podendo prejudicar assim a concentração do antifúngico utilizado no tratamento. A carga fúngica apresentou redução nos tratamentos com itraconazol e itraconazol associado com nitrogênio líquido. Discussão: O itraconazol é um medicamento utilizado nas terapias de CBM que pode alcançar curas e melhoras dos quadros clínicos da maioria dos pacientes, principalmente nos que apresentam gravidade leve a moderada, após longos períodos de tratamento. Já em pacientes com lesões graves nota-se uma resposta diferenciada, isto talvez, ocasionada pela diminuição das concentrações teciduais de itraconazol. Os fatores que podem estar envolvidos nestas reduções das concentrações teciduais são as fibroses teciduais, edemas e coinfecções bacterianas, muito encontradas nos tecidos subcutâneos. É nesse momento que outras estratégias terapêuticas podem ser utilizadas como as associações com o nitrogênio líquido local ou o imiquimode. Conclusão: A cromoblastomicose tem comportamento endêmico no estado do Maranhão. O itraconazol em monoterapia apresentou os melhores resultados em termos de cur...
Background: Chromoblastomycosis is a disease caused by melanized fungi that have a slow evolution, and the disease may be chronic due to a lack of treatment at the onset of the disease. Besides chromoblastomycosis, other neglected diseases primarily affect people of low-income living in rural areas. The objective of this study was to analyze a case of coinfection with Trypanosoma cruzi and Fonsecaea pedrosoi in a patient with these agents. Methods: For the diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis, a biopsy of the lesion site was performed, and fungal tests were performed with KOH, cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose and Mycobiotic Agar. A microculture on the Potato Agar Dextrose was performed, followed by histopathology stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The diagnosis of Chagas disease, with the examination of gout on a slide, and staining using the Walker method. Results: The thick drop blood test was positive for Trypanosoma cruzi. Additionally, muriform brown corpuscles were visualized in the direct mycological biopsy, and also Fonsecaea pedrosoi was identified through the culture and microcultivation and sequencing, being thus diagnosed the chromoblastomycosis. Conclusions: Chromoblastomycosis and Chagas disease are neglected diseases in Brazil, especially in the states of the Northeast and North regions, where the prevalence of cases is still high.
Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Introduction Protothecosis is an emergent disease caused by members of the genus Prototheca. Most such infections probably occurred by traumática inoculation into subcutaneous tissues. Objectives It is to report a case of human cutaneous protothecosis identified in the state of Maranhão, northeast Brazil. Case report: 75-year-old patient, Merchant, from the municipality of São Luís Island, Northeastern Brazil. He sought care referring to an erythematous and painful lesion on the left arm that started 6 months before the treatment. On examination, he presented an infiltrative, hyperemic lesion with burning pain throughout the upper limb (Fig. 1). The patient reported that a week before the onset of the condition, he suffered trauma on the arm, with a laceration in the skin, while cleaning a sewage system with clay pipes. During the healing process, he noticed a hyperemic, slightly pruritic lesion measuring 2 cm which did not improve. He sought medical assistance at the dermatological service, who suspected dermatophytosis, initiating treatment with terbinafine (250 mg, once a day), evolving with worsening of the lesion. A lesion biopsy was indicated, to histopathological examination, which showed circular, moniliform structures, diagnosed as protothecosis (Fig. 2). Treatment with itraconazole (200 mg/day) was started, with no therapeutic response and the lesion spread throughout the patient's left upper limb. Submitted to a new investigation with biopsy for direct research and culture for fungi, being identified Prototheca Wicherhamii, by Maldi-Tof®, with sensitivity to itraconazole and ampfotericin B. PCR amplification of the genetic material obtained in the clinical isolate was performed with purification of its product, and sequencing showed genetic similarity of 97,46% with Prototheca Wickerhamii. The sequence obtained was deposited in Genbank under number MZ409514. In the absence of therapeutic response to itraconazole (400 mg/day), and significant worsening of the lesion, with presentation of a secondary infection caused by Staphylococcus haemoliticus, treatment with Clindamycin (900 mg/day for 10 days) and Liposomal Amphotericin B (4 mg/kg/day for 45 days) were performed. After suspension of Liposomal Amphotericin B, the lesions recurred in 15 days, and voriconazole (200 mg 12/12 h) was prescribed for 6 months, with complete regression of the lesions. Currently, he is free of injuries, having been followed up every 6 months. Conclusion Rare disease caused by chlorophyllous algae may be surprising due to the severity and lack of response to antifungals that show sensitivity in vitro.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.