In this paper, the fracture behavior of ML15 cold heading steel was investigated based on the ductile fracture theory. Smooth and notched bar, flat grooved and tensile–shear mixed flat plate specimens were designed, and tensile tests were carried out to examine the fracture mechanism of ML15. The micromechanical characteristics of the fracture surfaces of different specimens were studied by performing scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the specimens under different stress states showed different micro fracture morphologies. The Rice–Tracey model and Bai–Wierzbicki model were calibrated using test results. Based on the calibrated fracture locus, a finite element model is developed and compared to the test results, which confirms the feasibility of the calibrated fracture locus for metal failure analysis.
Headed studs have been widely used as shear connectors in steel-concrete composite beams for a long time. Studies on the influence of the different shear properties of headed studs on the flexural behavior of the composite beams have been inconclusive. In this research, we studied the shear performance influence of headed studs by conducting static push-out tests on seven designed push-out specimens. The flexural behavior of a steel-concrete composite beam connected by studs was discussed in detail by conducting a two-point symmetric monotonic static loading test. Based on the actual situation of the composite beam test, a finite element numerical model was established and validated, in which the elastic connections units were used to simulate the studs, and the force–slip data obtained from the push-out tests were used as the constitutive model of the studs. The effects of the stud diameter, stud height, the number of studs arranged, and concrete strength on the flexural behavior of the composite beams were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the number of studs arranged had a significant influence on the flexural behavior of the composite beams, followed by the strength of the concrete. The specifications of the studs had little effect on the flexural behavior of the composite beams within the study scope using the modeling method in this paper.
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of stud height, stud diameter, ultimate stress of stud and concrete strength on the static behaviour of studs in push-off tests based on the ductile fracture theory.Design/methodology/approachPush-off tests of headed stud shear connectors with different heights and diameters used in concrete of various strengths were designed and implemented. A finite element model was established based on a ductile fracture criterion of ML15 cold-heading steel with stress triaxiality and Lode angle parameter. Based on the results of the parametric study of the numerical model, equations were proposed to evaluate the effect of stud height hs, stud area As, concrete strength fc and stud ultimate strength fsu used in concrete of various strengths on the static behaviour of studs.FindingsThe typical failure phenomenon observed among the test specimens was the fracture of the shank of studs. The microscopic images of the stud fracture surfaces and the verified finite element model indicate that the studs were fractured as a result of the combined action of tension and shear.Originality/valueA new method for calculating ultimate load Pu and ultimate slip Su is proposed in this paper. In the method, Pu is linearly related to fsu0.2143, As0.7790, hs0.0974, fc0.2065. Su is linearly related to fsu1.078, As0.4681, hs(−0.3135), fc(−0.3480).
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