The aim of this article is to consider mountains as suppliers of water by using the case of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP)-a project of transboundary water transfer between South Africa and Lesotho, a mountainous, landlocked 1 country completely surrounded by South Africa. This project was launched to provide water to the Johannesburg metropolitan area, which serves as South Africa's economic hub and is the country's most populous area, counting 12 million of the country's 52 million inhabitants among its residents. The function of the LHWP is to provide irrigation but even more importantly for urban water supply.

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