BackgroundDespite improvements made in neonatal care, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is still the most common respiratory disease in preterm infants. The relationship between the blood contents of vitamin D/E in premature infants and BPD is still controversial.MethodsPreterm infants were recruited as the research subjects. On the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 133 eligible cases were finally included. A total of 63 preterm infants with a clear diagnosis of BPD and 5 preterm infants who died before the diagnosis of BPD were in the case group, and 65 non‐BPD preterm infants with equivalent baseline characteristics were in the control group. The BPD group included 38 cases in Grade Ⅰ, 18 cases in Grade Ⅱ, and 12 cases in Grade Ⅲ. The contents of vitamin D and E in the cord blood of different groups were detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Correlation analysis adopted the Pearson correlation analytic method.ResultsThe serum vitamin D and E levels at birth were remarkably lower in the BPD group than the non‐BPD group, both of which were also correlated with the severity of BPD. The vitamin D and E contents were negatively correlated with the oxygen support duration required for premature infants with BPD.ConclusionThis study deepens our understanding of the field of BPD pathogenesis by demonstrating an association between vitamin D/E deficiency and BPD severity, suggesting that vitamin D and E might have potential clinical value in the prognosis and treatment of BPD.
Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a respiratory dysfunction caused by poor lung bronchial development, which may lead to long-term lung disease, threatening the lives of children. Studies have shown that premature infants with low vitamin D are highly associated with BPD. In this study, we aim to obtain insights into whether early vitamin D supplementation could prevent BPD in preterm infants. Methods: A total of 112 preterm infants were randomly divided into two groups: the control and vitamin D supplementation (VD) group. The VD group received vitamin D (800 IU/day) within 48 h at birth for consecutively 28 days. The serum levels of 25(OH)D 3 and C-reactive protein (CRP), IL6, and TNF-α were measured using ELISA assay. The arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2 ) and carbon dioxide (PaCO 2 ) was measured using an i-STAT analyzer. Results: The occurrence of BPD was decreased in the VD group compared with the control. The decreased serum 25(OH)D 3 was significantly elevated by supplementation with vitamin D. In addition, the serum inflammation factors (CRP, IL6, and TNF-α) were significantly reduced by vitamin D supplementation.
Conclusion:We demonstrated that early vitamin D supplementation could significantly reduce BPD incidence in preterm infants. We showed that early vitamin D supplementation could significantly increase serum level of 25(OH)D 3 and reduce inflammatory response thereby preventing and reducing neonatal BPD.Limitation: Firstly, a larger sample size will be needed to be included to gain a comprehensive understanding of the protective effects of vitamin D and BPD mechanistically in preterm infants. Secondly, the pathophysiological process of BPD will need to be studied. In addition, the pathways that vitamin D is responsible for, need to be further researched.
In recent years, due to the combined effects of individual behavior, psychological factors, environmental exposure, medical conditions, biological factors, etc., the incidence of preterm birth has gradually increased, so the incidence of various complications of preterm infants has also become higher and higher. This article is aimed at studying the therapeutic effects of preterm infants and proposing the application of rSO2 and PI image monitoring based on deep learning to the treatment of preterm infants. This article introduces deep learning, blood perfusion index, preterm infants, and other related content in detail and conducts experiments on the treatment of rSO2 and PI monitoring images based on deep learning in preterm infants. The experimental results show that the rSO2 and PI monitoring images based on deep learning can provide great help for the treatment of preterm infants and greatly improve the treatment efficiency of preterm infants by at least 15%.
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