Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association of early menopause with diabetes and the mediating effect of abdominal obesity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 5,693 participants. The data from the second follow-up (2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. Participants self-reported their age at menopause and were divided into three age groups (<45, 45-54, and >54 years) according to the 10th, 10th to 90th, and 90th percentiles, with a menopausal age of 45 to 54 years serving as reference. The total effect was decomposed into direct and indirect (mediating) effects using logistic regression based on the Karlson-Holm-Breen method. Results: Compared to the menopausal age of 45 to 54 years, early menopause (<45 years) was associated with diabetes (odds ratio  = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.29-3.69) among Chinese women. The mediating effect of early menopause (<45 years) on diabetes was 4.98% (P = 0.321) for abdominal obesity. Conclusions: Early menopause may be associated with diabetes among Chinese women. Moreover, the mediating effect of abdominal obesity makes up a small percentage and has no statistical significance. Further studies are needed to examine other mechanisms behind the association of early menopause with diabetes.

Purpose: The aim was to investigate whether serum uric acid (SUA) was associated with incident hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia in middle-aged and older Chinese. Methods: This prospective cohort study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 6,063 participants were included, who were free of hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia at baseline (2011) and were followed until 2015. Natural cubic spline models were conducted to investigate the dose-response association of SUA with incident hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. Moreover, SUA was categorized into four groups according to gender-specific quartiles. Log-binomial regression was performed to explore the association of SUA with hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia, with the quartile 1 as a reference. Results: After full adjustment, we observed a positive linear dose-response relationship between SUA and hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. Compared with the quartile 1 of SUA, the adjusted risk ratios (95% confidence interval) of hypertriglyceridaemia were 1.15 (0.95-1.39), 1.23 (1.02-1.49) and 1.31 (1.08-1.59) for quartile 2-4 (p-value for trend ¼ .004), respectively. Whereas, we failed to find SUA significantly associated with hypercholesterolaemia. Sex-stratified analyses indicated that the association of SUA with hypertriglyceridaemia was more evident in the female. Conclusions: These findings suggest that SUA may be positively associated with incident hypertriglyceridaemia. KEY MESSAGES The natural cubic spline model showed a positive linear dose-response relationship between serum uric acid levels and hypertriglyceridaemia. Compared with the quartile 1 of SUA, the adjusted risk ratios (95% confidence interval) of hypertriglyceridaemia were 1.15 (0.95-1.39), 1.23 (1.02-1.49) and 1.31 (1.08-1.59) for quartile 2-4 (p-value for trend ¼ .004), respectively. Sex-stratified analyses indicated that the association of serum uric acid with hypertriglyceridaemia was more evident in the female.

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