ObjectivesAnalyzing the impact of the China’s health care reform policy in 2009 on the intangible service efficiency of PHCI and exploring the way to improve the service efficiency of PHCI.MethodsThe Malmquist productivity index based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to measure the variation of TFP and its decomposition of PHCI before and after the implementation of the health care reform policy in 2009. Then, the Tobit model was applied to estimate the key factors affecting the improvement of the intangible service efficiency of PHCI.ResultsThe number of health resources and the intangible service efficiency of PHCI have increased obviously since the implementation of the China’s health care reform. The growth of intangible service efficiency of PHCI was mainly affected by the technical progress, but the management level and scale efficiency change have not yet played an important role.ConclusionsThe growth of intangible service efficiency in China’s PHCI still belongs to input growth rather than efficiency growth. In the future, the technical progress and improvement in the management level are the key measures to promote the intangible service efficiency of PHCI.

Objective To measure the economic risk of diseases in Chinese middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes. Methods The economic risk of diseases in Chinese middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes was comprehensively analyzed using the family economic risk of diseases, catastrophic health expenditure, and relative risk of the disease. Results The proportions of families with low, medium, and high family economic risk of diseases were 64.73%, 8.56%, and 26.71%, respectively. When the defining criteria are 15%, 25%, and 40%, the incidences of catastrophic health expenditure were 66.71%, 60.07%, and 54.59%, respectively. The health expenditure of diabetic patients was 1.80 times that of non-diabetic patients when the difference in patients' income was eliminated. Conclusion In general, Chinese middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes face a large economic risk of diseases, which will seriously hinder the improvement of their family life quality. The sociodemographic characteristics related to diabetics will aggravate the patient's economic risk, such as smoking, drinking, and low household income. Moreover, diabetes patients with different basic medical insurance have different economic risk of diseases. Keywords Middle-aged and elderly. Diabetes patients. Diseases' economic risk. China