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To overview the morphological and ecological diversification within a species of phytophagous ladybird beetle Henosepilachna diekei, information concerning its distribution and host plant use was studied. This species was found widely in South East and South Asia from the Philippines through the Greater Sunda islands, a western part of Lesser Sundas, the Malay Peninsula to Sri Lanka. Mikania species (Asteraceae), Mikania micrantha in particular, were the most frequently used host plants, but some other plants belonging to Lamiaceae or Acanthaceae were also used by some local populations. Each population is possibly monophagous. According to morphological analyses, seven populations from four host plants at six sites on four Indonesian islands were grouped into two, one occurring on Java and Kalimantan (Borneo) and another on Sulawesi and Lombok, indicating that they were separated by the Wallace line. This morphological distinction was not correlated with the host plant use.

The catch composition and economic impacts of ghost fishing in the fishing grounds near Suan Son Beach, Rayong province, Thailand, were examined based on interviews of squid fishers and experiments using ghost-fishing squid traps. In the province, 27 fisher families are engaged in squid trap fishing, and each family operates 100-300 squid traps. The catch per unit effort (CPUE) of the traps is 30-40 kg/100 traps/trip. The average price of a squid trap is 135 Thai baht (US$ 4.50), and traps have a lifespan of 1-2 months. Squid traps can ghost fish when they are lost in bad weather conditions, due to gear conflict, or when the trap materials deteriorate. The catches of experimental ghost-fishing traps were examined during two periods in 2017: May-July and August-October. The traps caught cephalopods and other species, both commercial and non-commercial. The commercial species included bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana), other squids, cuttlefishes, groupers, snappers, and blue swimming crabs. The total number of aquatic animals, total weight, and total economic value of the catches during May-July and August-October 2017 were 51 and 38 specimens; 12 000 g and 7250 g; and 6318.0 baht/27 traps and 5302.5 baht/28 traps, respectively.

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