The study objective. Substantiation and implementation of the heart rate monitoring tool, developed on the basis of information systems for the rapid registration of cardiac rhythm during exercise.  Material and Methods. The study was implemented at the theoretical and empirical level. The basis of the study is the use of a set of theoretical methods: scientific analysis and synthesis, comparison, systematization, induction and deduction, generalization. The following methods of empirical research were used: description, empirical comparison, technical modeling, sphygmographic method of registration of pulsograms.  Results. According to the results of the search activity, a device designed to monitor heart rate in real time was presented. To implement the new electronic method and heart rate monitor of the functional state of the cardiovascular system, an optical block that eliminates the subjective determination of control results associated with the probability of errors was created. The use of an optical unit provides a fast dynamic picture of heart rate measurement, since the unit uses an optical sensor. Spectral characteristics of blood, which change under the influence of physical activity, were used for heart rate registration. Positive characteristics that ensure the quality of real-time HR monitoring procedures using the developed device in addition to high technical parameters are: high level of sensitivity, wide dynamic range, harmonized frequency response, linearity of conversion, note also non-invasiveness, security in application, low energy consumption signal, and transformations that do not affect or distort the control results.  Conclusions. The use of information systems in heart rate control ensures the accuracy of the measurement information and the correspondence between the degree of scientific reliability and practical value of the obtained results.

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The study is to substantiate and implement modern electronic automated monitoring systems to improve the testing of speed-strength abilities in the process of physical education. Materials and methods. To solve the research tasks used the methods of comparing and contrasting are used and analysis, synthesis, abstraction, formalization and technical modeling. Results. The developed capacitive sensor device for speed control is presented. The device is built on a combination of modern nanotechnology and microprocessor systems. As part of the device, the array of active electrodes with digital output registers an input signal from a marker placed on the monitoring object and whose position changes during the exercise. Then the digital signal through the interface and the communication line, goes to the signal converter, where it is processed and wireless transmission devices signal goes to the personal computer, where the result of the exercise is displayed. Conclusions. Use in pedagogical control of the physical education process of the developed device provides a reliable objective test data with little loss of time to ensure the quality of control.

This article analyses the energy dimension of relationships which have been developed between the ‘Eastern Partnership’ (EaP) partner countries within the context of European security. The essence of the EaP and the main priorities of the initiative’s energy platform will be determined. The peculiarities of their relations with the European Union and the Russian federation will be analysed. One discovery which has been made is the fact that the involvement of the addressee countries within the EaP grants them significant advantages in the implementation of the overall energy policy, and the EU is understood by them as being a guarantor of energy security. Emphasis is placed on the fact that Russia seeks to establish the fullest possible levels of control over energy supplies which are sent to Europe, and to the EU, and indeed even to reduce the dependence of the EaP partner countries on energy imports from Russia. Something which became obvious was the fact that while Georgia, Armenia, Moldova, and Ukraine were forming closer ties with the EU, Azerbaijan and Belarus on the contrary continued (and continue) to adhere to the authoritarian status quo. From this it can be concluded that the EaP partner countries face new challenges and threats, both in terms of domestic and foreign policy, which will determine the transformation of energy relations, in particular within the dimension of security.

The establishment of a democratic political system has been declared as one of the main priorities of Ukraine since gaining independence in 1991. Yet, three decades on, Ukraine’s democracy remains ineffective and superficial. It is thus productive—and apposite—to seek an alternative method for studying such a complicated and multidimensional problem. This article employs “causal layered analysis” (CLA), developed in Futures Studies to gain additional insight into the reasons for Ukraine’s incomplete and halting democratization. CLA aims to get to the underlying causes of problems and involves analysis at four “layers”: litany, system, worldview, and myth/metaphor. As we demonstrate here, this method can be fruitfully applied to better understand Ukraine’s democratization—or, rather, its lack of it. At the layer of litany, the main facts and data concerning democracy in Ukraine are summarized. The second—systemic layer—is related to the study of democratic transition based on the approaches of various academic disciplines and theories. The research at the third layer is concerned with interpretation of the problem within the framework of five worldviews. At the deepest layer, we identify and characterize some of the myths underlying the aforementioned worldviews. Based on these analyses, key problems are identified and prospects for the future democratization of Ukraine are outlined.