ÖZETAmaç: Şizofrenide mevcut ilaç tedavileri kısmen etkili olduğundan güçlendirme veya kombinasyon tedavileri sık olarak uygulanmaktadır. Nitrik oksitin (NO) şizofreninin fizyopatolojisinde rol oynadığı öne sürülmektedir. L-arjinin NO öncülü olan bir esansiyel aminoasittir. Bu çalışmada şizofreni veya şizoafektif bozukluk tanısı konmuş klinik belirtileri kısmen devam eden hastaların mevcut tedavilerine eklenen L-arjinin'in, şizofreninin pozitif, negatif ve depresif belirtileri üzerindeki etkisinin incelemesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Çalışmaya 12 şizofreni veya şizoafektif bozukluk tanısı konmuş hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların mevcut tedavilerine günde iki kez 3 g L-arjinin rastgele, çift kör, plasebo kontrollü ve çapraz geçişli şekilde eklenmiştir. Üç haftalık tedavi döneminin ardından 7 günlük ilaçsız dö-nem ve daha sonra ikinci 3 haftalık tedavi dönemine geçilmiştir. Current drug treatments for schizophrenia are only partially effective and combination/augmentation strategies are commonly used. Nitric Oxide (NO) may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. L-arginine is the precursor of NO. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether L-arginine add-on to current medication might improve positive, negative, and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia/ schizoaffective disorder patients in partial remission.
Method:The study was designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of L-arginine 3 g b.i.d. as an add-on treatment to the patients' usual medication. Twelve patients diagnosed with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder were included. The duration of the treatment was 3 weeks, with a wash-out period of 7 days before alternation for the second arm. Psychopathology was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scales. Results: Our analyses revealed that L-arginine 6 g/day add-on to usual treatment was not superior to placebo for positive, negative, and depressive symptoms associated with schizophrenia as assessed with PANSS, CDSS and CGI scales.
Conclusion:In our study, L-arginine did not seem to have an effect on schizophrenia symptoms. Studies with a larger sample size, with higher doses of L-arginine, and with a longer duration are needed for a definite conclusion.
Objective: Considering the effects of self-esteem, eating attitudes and body satisfaction on obesity and bariatric surgery outcomes, psychiatric evaluation is important for the identification and treatment of psychopathology, improvement of self-esteem, eating attitudes and body satisfaction. In this study, it was aimed to determine the relation between eating behaviors, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem and psychological symptoms in patients seeking bariatric surgery. Our second aim was to determine whether depressive symptoms and anxiety had a mediating role in the relationship between body satisfaction and self-esteem and eating attitudes.
Material and Methods: The study included 200 patients. Patients’ data were retrospectively evaluated. Psychometric evaluation performed during the preoperative period included psychiatric examination and administration of the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Rosenberg SelfEsteem Scale, Body-Cathexis Scale, and Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire.
Results: There was a positive correlation between self-esteem and body satisfaction and a negative correlation between self-esteem and emotional eating (r= 0.160, p= 0.024; r= -0.261, p< 0.001 respectively). Body satisfaction had an effect on emotional eating mediated by depression and an effect on external and restrictive eating mediated by anxiety. Furthermore, anxiety mediated the relations between self-esteem and external and restrictive eating behaviors.
Conclusion: Our finding indicating that depression and anxiety have mediator effects on the relation between self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, and eating attitudes is significant since screening for these entities and their treatment is relatively more practical in clinical settings.
Gıda ve yemlerde bulunan antibiyotik kalıntıları tüketiciler için bazı sorunlara, antibiyotik direncinin ortaya çıkmasına ve gıda endüstrisinde kalite düşüklüğüne neden olmaktadır. Gıda kalitesini ve tüketici sağlığını korumak için Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri hayvan kökenli gıdalarda azami kalıntı seviyesini belirleyen yönetmelikler hazırlamıştır. Hayvan kökenli gıdalarda ve yemlerde antibiyotik kalıntılarının izlenmesinde farklı tarama ve tarama sonrası doğrulama yöntemi sırası izlenmektedir. Bu çalışma, ticari bir florfenikol Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) test kitinin florfenikolü tespit edememesinin sebebini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapıldı. Kit muhteviyatında bulunan standartların florfenikol olmadığı kloramfenikol olduğu sıvı kromatografi sıralı kütle spektrometresi (LC-MS/ MS) metodu ile tespit edildi. Kit muhteviyatının kloramfenikol ELISA metoduna göre yapılan analizinde anlamlı ışık yoğunluğu değeri ölçüldü. Yapılan analizler sonucunda ticari florfenikol ELISA test kitinin florfenikol test kiti olmadığı, kloramfenikol test kiti olduğu sonucuna varıldı.
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