The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the presence of any stage retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) alters central retinal artery (CRA) and ophthalmic artery (OA) blood flow parameters in premature infants. The patients were divided into two groups according to the development of ROP; those who have ROP were defined as group I, those without ROP were defined as group II. Ninety eyes of 45 patients in group I and 40 eyes of 20 patients in group II were investigated. The blood flows in the CRA and OA were measured using ultrasound color doppler imaging (CDI) that allows to evaluate the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistivity index (RI). The results were compared between two groups of subjects. There were no significant differences in the PSV, EDV, and RI of CRA between two groups (P = 0.09, P = 0.20 and P = 0.63, respectively). The mean PSV value of OA in group I was found to be significantly higher than the one in group II (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in the mean EDV and RI values of OA between two groups (P = 0.40, P = 0.17 respectively). The subgroup analysis revealed that the ocular blood dynamics were not found to be significant between eyes with stage I ROP and eyes with stage II ROP (P > 0.05), whereas the difference in the mean PSV values of OA were found to be significant among the eyes with stage 1 ROP, eyes with stage 2 ROP, and eyes without ROP (P = 0.03). This study demonstrated significant alterations in systolic flow velocities in the OA predicted by CDI in infants with ROP.

We report the case of a 76-year-old woman with scrolled Descemet's membrane detachment (DMD) that was successfully treated by an intracameral injection of 1.8% sodium hyaluronate. During phacoemulsification cataract surgery, an undulating DMD involving the central cornea was observed and air tamponade into the anterior chamber was performed. The patient underwent surgical repair 2 weeks after the unsuccessful intracameral air injection. To increase the tamponade pressure and surface tension on the scrolled flap, viscoelastic material was injected into the air-filled anterior chamber. Corneal edema started subsiding clinically after the injection of sodium hyaluronate. Descemetopexy with sodium hyaluronate can successfully repair scrolled DMD and injection of viscoelastic material into the air-filled anterior chamber facilitates unfolding of the scrolled flap of DMD.

Pars plana vitrectomy followed by ILM removal and injection of subretinal rtPA-assisted pneumatic displacement appears to be effective in both improving visual acuity and preserving the foveal structure in eyes with recent massive multilevel macular hemorrhage secondary to RAMA.

BackgroundTo report clinical features of bilateral angle-closure glaucoma in a patient with nanophthalmic eyes associated with ocular cystinosis, foveoschisis and pigmentary retinal dystrophy. This is probably the first published report of the possible association of all these five entities in the same patient.Case presentationA 50-year-old white male was referred for uncontrolled glaucoma in both eyes. He was previously diagnosed with angle-closure glaucoma in association with ocular cystinosis. Ocular examination revealed high hyperopia (+13.5 OD and +14 OS diopters) with reduced axial length (16.27 mm OD and 15.93 mm OS). Despite being on 3 topical medications, his IOP measured 37 mmHg OD and 35 mm Hg OS. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy showed refractile, polychromatic crystalline deposits throughout the cornea and conjunctiva in both eyes. Gonioscopy revealed an extremely narrow angle with peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS). Anterior chamber depths were shallow. Fundus examination disclosed punctate hypopigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium mainly at the posterior pole. Optical coherence tomography showed foveal schisis appearing as small retinal cysts. The patient did not display any systemic abnormalities.ConclusionsThis case brings into discussion a new clinical entity of angle closure glaucoma in nanophthalmos accompanied by ocular cystinosis-foveoschisis-pigmentary retinal dystrophy complex.