Students’ academic achievement greatly influenced by their parents’ socioeconomic status and involvement in their academic life. Regardless of the parents’ educational qualifications, their support helps the children gain confidence in education and then in life. This study intends to see the relationship between two independent variables: parental awareness and emotional support to children and one dependent variable: academic achievement. The study area is Jafarabad, a district in Balochistan, Pakistan. The sample size was 250, designated using the Taro Yamani formula, and a simple random sampling technique was used to choose the respondents. The questionnaire was then used to collect information. The collected data was then coded and analyzed in SPSS. Pearson correlation test was used to test the hypotheses. Significant findings show that the lack of parental awareness and interest in student’s school activities is the primary cause of their poor academic achievement at secondary school. Accordingly, the study concludes that it is the primary responsibility of parents to support their children and cooperate with school administration emotionally. Therefore, the government, specifically the district education office, and local NGOs need to run awareness campaigns on the importance of parental involvement in the children’s education, which will result in the children’s excellent academic achievement.

ABSTRACT…In Pakistan maternal mortality rate is very high as compared to other low income countries. Maternal mortality rate in Pakistan 260/100,000 is the highest in South Asia. In developing countries one woman dies in sixteen from pregnancy related diseases. Objective: This study was aimed to explore reproductive health issues of mothers in Faisalabad. Study Design: A sample of 200 respondents was obtained from Faisalabad city through multistage sampling technique. Period: 2013-2014 Setting Area: Urban Area of district Faisalabad Material and Method: Uni-variate (frequency distribution and percentage) and Bi-variate analysis (Chi square and Gamma Statistics) was carried out. Results: It was found that antenatal and postnatal care utilization services were poor. Majority of the respondents 79% got at least one antenatal care service but only more than one third 34% got the four recommended checkup during pregnancy. It was also investigated that only 60% women got postnatal visits and only 18% deliveries took place at homes. Two third of the respondents 66% had the positive attitude towards the contraceptive methods for birth spacing. The bi-variate analysis shows that age (p=.003), education (p=.013), income (p=.001), type of family (p=.002) were significantly associated with the positive attitude towards the contraceptive for birth spacing.Conclusion: It is suggested that mothers should be aware of the importance of antenatal and postnatal recommended visits to overcome the reproductive health issues through LHW's visits mass media compaigns and easy assess towards the health care centers. Key words:Reproductive health, Antenatal, Postnatal, Birth spacing and Maternal mortality

This exploratory study aimed to highlight the significance of social support for hepatic patients to cope with their ailments. For this purpose, the study developed and tested social support model for hepatitis C patients. The researchers used quantitative research design to conduct this study. A cross sectional survey was conducted in five district headquarters hospitals of the Punjab. Total 500 hepatic patients were interviewed in the hospitals. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that there were three constructs of social support namely; need for social support, available social support and instrumental social support. According to the results, hepatic patients felt that they need social support in order to cope with outcomes of this disease. The study suggested that socio-emotional care must be considered while treating hepatitis-C patients. Such care helped them to cope with the challenges faced by them during the treatment of this disease.

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There is long debate about globalization and its effects. Globalization is an increased