No abstract

Monkeypox (MPX) was declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization (WHO), as of July 23rd, 2022. Fake news spread on social media has already surfaced and contributed to worsening of this concerning situation, making it difficult for the health care experts’ voices to be heard. Therefore, we recommend some solutions to overcome this situation, including raising public awareness and preventing stigma through sharing engagement with civil society organizations, and better cooperation between policymakers, the medical community, and social media platforms regarding providing accurate official news about MPX. WHO-one health approach should be established and prioritized.

Background: Depression and anxiety are common mental disorders that are often missed in primary healthcare settings due to the lack of diagnosis criteria. Using valid and reliable easy-to-use instruments can overcome this problem. Aims: To translate and culturally adapt the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD7) instruments into Arabic, determine the reliability of these translated versions, and compare them with previous attempts. Methods: Forward and blind back-translation was used to translate the instruments into Arabic. An online version was created and sent to medical school students at the Hashemite University, Jordan. For each instrument, internal consistency reliability and inter-item correlation were calculated. For each item, the mean, standard deviation, item-total correlation, and value of Cronbach’s alpha if the item was deleted were determined. Analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 25. Results: There were 256 respondents to the translated instruments. The average age was 18.85 and 61% were females. The alpha for the PHQ9 was 0.876, with an average inter-item correlation of 0.444. Removal of any of the nine items decreased the value of alpha. The GAD7 had an alpha of 0.895 with an average inter-item correlation of 0.551. Deletion of any item decreased the internal consistency reliability of the instrument. Conclusion: Using an efficient translation process that was both accurate and culturally sensitive enabled the construction of Arabic versions of the PHQ9 and the GAD7 scales that had high internal consistency reliability and good inter-item correlation.

No abstract

Introduction: Celiac disease (Cd) is the most common autoimmune disease (ad) of the small intestine, affecting 1-2% of the population globally. it is characterized by the serological presence of autoantibodies (abs), tissue transglutaminase antibody (ttGa), immunoglobulin (ig) a, and igG. Production of antibodies against sars-CoV-2 after infection with the virus or vaccination is not well understood, especially among Cd patients. the goal of this study was to measure the igG antibodies in Jordanian patients infected with or vaccinated against the sars-CoV-2 virus with different types of vaccines (Pfizerbiontech bnt162b2, sinopharm bbibP-CorV or oxford-astraZeneca Chadox1-s) and compare them with the levels in non-celiac controls. igG levels induced by different vaccines were also compared.Material and methods: the data for this cross-sectional study were obtained via a survey, whereby respondents were identified through convenience sampling. the healthy controls were given Questionnaire a while Cd patients completed Questionnaire b. the blood samples from all participants were tested for the CoVid-19 nucleocapsid protein (nP) igG serum levels for participants previously infected with sars-CoV-2, and spike (s) protein (s1/s2) igG serum levels for vaccine recipients.Results: the study involved 116 individuals, 60 (51.7%) of whom were Cd patients. the nP igG serum levels in the infected and s1/s2 igG levels in the vaccinated Cd patients were significantly lower than the levels in controls (48.3 ±44.5 vs. 81.1 ±34.4 and 49 ±45.8 vs. 75.7 ±38.6, p = 0.002). moreover, only the Pfizer vaccine induced significantly more igG antibodies in controls compared to Cd patients (88.8 ±29.1 vs. 58.3 ±45.4, p = 0.01). on the other hand, the igG levels were significantly higher in Cd patients who received the Pfizer relative to the astraZeneca vaccine (58.3 ±45.5 vs. 13.0 ±23.6, p = 0.03). after adjusting for presence of Cd, age, sex, body mass index (bmi), comorbidities, vaccine type, smoking, gluten adherence, and time since infection or vaccination, sars-CoV-2 s1/s2 igG abs and/or nP igG abs positivity was significantly associated with Cd absence and negatively with vaccine type (astraZeneca) with the odds ratios (ors) of 9.6 (95% Ci = 1.5-59.2, p = 0.015) and 0.03 (95% Ci = 0.004-0.244. p = 0.001), respectively.Conclusions: We concluded that patients with Cd had lower sars-CoV-2 s1/s2 igG abs and nP igG abs levels than controls, and Cd patients who received the Pfizer vaccine had higher igG levels than patients who received the astraZeneca vaccine. We recommend that further research be conducted to address the dynamics of the antibody responses in Cd patients regarding CoVid-19 infection.